Exodus · Berean Standard Bible
Exodus 12 Berean Standard Bible
Audio: World English Bible (WEB), read by Winfred W. Henson · About the recordings
1 Now the LORD said to Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt,
1 Yahweh spoke to Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt, saying,
2 “This month is the beginning of months for you; it shall be the first month of your year.
2 “This month shall be to you the beginning of months. It shall be the first month of the year to you.
3 Tell the whole congregation of Israel that on the tenth day of this month each man must select a lamb for his family, one per household.
3 Speak to all the congregation of Israel, saying, ‘On the tenth day of this month, they shall take to them every man a lamb, according to their fathers’ houses, a lamb for a household;
4 If the household is too small for a whole lamb, they are to share with the nearest neighbor based on the number of people, and apportion the lamb accordingly.
4 and if the household is too little for a lamb, then he and his neighbor next to his house shall take one according to the number of the souls. You shall make your count for the lamb according to what everyone can eat.
5 Your lamb must be an unblemished year-old male, and you may take it from the sheep or the goats.
5 Your lamb shall be without defect, a male a year old. You shall take it from the sheep or from the goats.
6 You must keep it until the fourteenth day of the month, when the whole assembly of the congregation of Israel will slaughter the animals at twilight.
6 You shall keep it until the fourteenth day of the same month; and the whole assembly of the congregation of Israel shall kill it at evening.
7 They are to take some of the blood and put it on the sides and tops of the doorframes of the houses where they eat the lambs.
7 They shall take some of the blood, and put it on the two door posts and on the lintel, on the houses in which they shall eat it.
8 They are to eat the meat that night, roasted over the fire, along with unleavened bread and bitter herbs.
8 They shall eat the meat in that night, roasted with fire, with unleavened bread. They shall eat it with bitter herbs.
9 Do not eat any of the meat raw or cooked in boiling water, but only roasted over the fire—its head and legs and inner parts.
9 Don’t eat it raw, nor boiled at all with water, but roasted with fire; with its head, its legs and its inner parts.
10 Do not leave any of it until morning; before the morning you must burn up any part that is left over.
10 You shall let nothing of it remain until the morning; but that which remains of it until the morning you shall burn with fire.
11 This is how you are to eat it: You must be fully dressed for travel, with your sandals on your feet and your staff in your hand. You are to eat in haste; it is the LORD’s Passover.
11 This is how you shall eat it: with your belt on your waist, your sandals on your feet, and your staff in your hand; and you shall eat it in haste: it is Yahweh’s Passover.
12 On that night I will pass through the land of Egypt and strike down every firstborn male, both man and beast, and I will execute judgment against all the gods of Egypt. I am the LORD.
12 For I will go through the land of Egypt in that night, and will strike all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both man and animal. I will execute judgments against all the gods of Egypt. I am Yahweh.
13 The blood on the houses where you are staying will distinguish them; when I see the blood, I will pass over you. No plague will fall on you to destroy you when I strike the land of Egypt.
13 The blood shall be to you for a token on the houses where you are. When I see the blood, I will pass over you, and no plague will be on you to destroy you when I strike the land of Egypt.
14 And this day will be a memorial for you, and you are to celebrate it as a feast to the LORD, as a permanent statute for the generations to come.
14 This day shall be a memorial for you. You shall keep it as a feast to Yahweh. You shall keep it as a feast throughout your generations by an ordinance forever.
15 For seven days you must eat unleavened bread. On the first day you are to remove the leaven from your houses. Whoever eats anything leavened from the first day through the seventh must be cut off from Israel.
15 “‘Seven days you shall eat unleavened bread; even the first day you shall put away yeast out of your houses, for whoever eats leavened bread from the first day until the seventh day, that soul shall be cut off from Israel.
16 On the first day you are to hold a sacred assembly, and another on the seventh day. You must not do any work on those days, except to prepare the meals—that is all you may do.
16 In the first day there shall be to you a holy convocation, and in the seventh day a holy convocation; no kind of work shall be done in them, except that which every man must eat, only that may be done by you.
17 So you are to keep the Feast of Unleavened Bread, for on this very day I brought your divisions out of the land of Egypt. You must keep this day as a permanent statute for the generations to come.
17 You shall observe the feast of unleavened bread; for in this same day I have brought your armies out of the land of Egypt. Therefore you shall observe this day throughout your generations by an ordinance forever.
18 In the first month you are to eat unleavened bread, from the evening of the fourteenth day until the evening of the twenty-first day.
18 In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month at evening, you shall eat unleavened bread, until the twenty first day of the month at evening.
19 For seven days there must be no leaven found in your houses. If anyone eats something leavened, that person, whether a foreigner or native of the land, must be cut off from the congregation of Israel.
19 There shall be no yeast found in your houses for seven days, for whoever eats that which is leavened, that soul shall be cut off from the congregation of Israel, whether he is a foreigner, or one who is born in the land.
20 You are not to eat anything leavened; eat unleavened bread in all your homes.”
20 You shall eat nothing leavened. In all your habitations you shall eat unleavened bread.’”
21 Then Moses summoned all the elders of Israel and told them, “Go at once and select for yourselves a lamb for each family, and slaughter the Passover lamb.
21 Then Moses called for all the elders of Israel, and said to them, “Draw out, and take lambs according to your families, and kill the Passover.
22 Take a cluster of hyssop, dip it into the blood in the basin, and brush the blood on the top and sides of the doorframe. None of you shall go out the door of his house until morning.
22 You shall take a bunch of hyssop, and dip it in the blood that is in the basin, and strike the lintel and the two door posts with the blood that is in the basin. None of you shall go out of the door of his house until the morning.
23 When the LORD passes through to strike down the Egyptians, He will see the blood on the top and sides of the doorframe and will pass over that doorway; so He will not allow the destroyer to enter your houses and strike you down.
23 For Yahweh will pass through to strike the Egyptians; and when he sees the blood on the lintel, and on the two door posts, Yahweh will pass over the door, and will not allow the destroyer to come in to your houses to strike you.
24 And you are to keep this command as a permanent statute for you and your descendants.
24 You shall observe this thing for an ordinance to you and to your sons forever.
25 When you enter the land that the LORD will give you as He promised, you are to keep this service.
25 It shall happen when you have come to the land which Yahweh will give you, as he has promised, that you shall keep this service.
26 When your children ask you, ‘What does this service mean to you?’
26 It will happen, when your children ask you, ‘What do you mean by this service?’
27 you are to reply, ‘It is the Passover sacrifice to the LORD, who passed over the houses of the Israelites in Egypt when He struck down the Egyptians and spared our homes.’” Then the people bowed down and worshiped.
27 that you shall say, ‘It is the sacrifice of Yahweh’s Passover, who passed over the houses of the children of Israel in Egypt, when he struck the Egyptians, and spared our houses.’” The people bowed their heads and worshiped.
28 And the Israelites went and did just what the LORD had commanded Moses and Aaron.
28 The children of Israel went and did so; as Yahweh had commanded Moses and Aaron, so they did.
29 Now at midnight the LORD struck down every firstborn male in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh, who sat on his throne, to the firstborn of the prisoner in the dungeon, as well as all the firstborn among the livestock.
29 At midnight, Yahweh struck all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sat on his throne to the firstborn of the captive who was in the dungeon, and all the firstborn of livestock.
30 During the night Pharaoh got up—he and all his officials and all the Egyptians—and there was loud wailing in Egypt; for there was no house without someone dead.
30 Pharaoh rose up in the night, he, and all his servants, and all the Egyptians; and there was a great cry in Egypt, for there was not a house where there was not one dead.
31 Then Pharaoh summoned Moses and Aaron by night and said, “Get up, leave my people, both you and the Israelites! Go, worship the LORD as you have requested.
31 He called for Moses and Aaron by night, and said, “Rise up, get out from among my people, both you and the children of Israel; and go, serve Yahweh, as you have said!
32 Take your flocks and herds as well, just as you have said, and depart! And bless me also.”
32 Take both your flocks and your herds, as you have said, and be gone; and bless me also!”
33 And in order to send them out of the land quickly, the Egyptians urged the people on. “For otherwise,” they said, “we are all going to die!”
33 The Egyptians were urgent with the people, to send them out of the land in haste, for they said, “We are all dead men.”
34 So the people took their dough before it was leavened, carrying it on their shoulders in kneading bowls wrapped in clothing.
34 The people took their dough before it was leavened, their kneading troughs being bound up in their clothes on their shoulders.
35 Furthermore, the Israelites acted on Moses’ word and asked the Egyptians for articles of silver and gold, and for clothing.
35 The children of Israel did according to the word of Moses; and they asked of the Egyptians jewels of silver, and jewels of gold, and clothing.
36 And the LORD gave the people such favor in the sight of the Egyptians that they granted their request. In this way they plundered the Egyptians.
36 Yahweh gave the people favor in the sight of the Egyptians, so that they let them have what they asked. They plundered the Egyptians.
37 The Israelites journeyed from Rameses to Succoth with about 600,000 men on foot, besides women and children.
37 The children of Israel traveled from Rameses to Succoth, about six hundred thousand on foot who were men, in addition to children.
38 And a mixed multitude also went up with them, along with great droves of livestock, both flocks and herds.
38 A mixed multitude went up also with them, with flocks, herds, and even very much livestock.
39 Since their dough had no leaven, the people baked what they had brought out of Egypt into unleavened loaves. For when they had been driven out of Egypt, they could not delay and had not prepared any provisions for themselves.
39 They baked unleavened cakes of the dough which they brought out of Egypt; for it wasn’t leavened, because they were thrust out of Egypt, and couldn’t wait, and they had not prepared any food for themselves.
40 Now the duration of the Israelites’ stay in Egypt was 430 years.
40 Now the time that the children of Israel lived in Egypt was four hundred thirty years.
41 At the end of the 430 years, to the very day, all the LORD’s divisions went out of the land of Egypt.
41 At the end of four hundred thirty years, to the day, all of Yahweh’s armies went out from the land of Egypt.
42 Because the LORD kept a vigil that night to bring them out of the land of Egypt, this same night is to be a vigil to the LORD, to be observed by all the Israelites for the generations to come.
42 It is a night to be much observed to Yahweh for bringing them out from the land of Egypt. This is that night of Yahweh, to be much observed by all the children of Israel throughout their generations.
43 And the LORD said to Moses and Aaron, “This is the statute of the Passover: No foreigner is to eat of it.
43 Yahweh said to Moses and Aaron, “This is the ordinance of the Passover. No foreigner shall eat of it,
44 But any slave who has been purchased may eat of it, after you have circumcised him.
44 but every man’s servant who is bought for money, when you have circumcised him, then shall he eat of it.
45 A temporary resident or hired hand shall not eat the Passover.
45 A foreigner and a hired servant shall not eat of it.
46 It must be eaten inside one house. You are not to take any of the meat outside the house, and you may not break any of the bones.
46 It must be eaten in one house. You shall not carry any of the meat outside of the house. Do not break any of its bones.
47 The whole congregation of Israel must celebrate it.
47 All the congregation of Israel shall keep it.
48 If a foreigner resides with you and wants to celebrate the LORD’s Passover, all the males in the household must be circumcised; then he may come near to celebrate it, and he shall be like a native of the land. But no uncircumcised man may eat of it.
48 When a stranger lives as a foreigner with you, and would like to keep the Passover to Yahweh, let all his males be circumcised, and then let him come near and keep it. He shall be as one who is born in the land; but no uncircumcised person shall eat of it.
49 The same law shall apply to both the native and the foreigner who resides among you.”
49 One law shall be to him who is born at home, and to the stranger who lives as a foreigner among you.”
50 Then all the Israelites did this—they did just as the LORD had commanded Moses and Aaron.
50 All the children of Israel did so. As Yahweh commanded Moses and Aaron, so they did.
51 And on that very day the LORD brought the Israelites out of the land of Egypt by their divisions.
51 That same day, Yahweh brought the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt by their armies.
People & places in this chapter
From this site's family tree and Bible maps, only where those guides cite this chapter.
People
Aaron
Moses' brother and spokesman, Israel's first high priest.
Cited in the guide: Exodus 4–40; Leviticus 8–10
Moses
Drawn from the Nile, he led Israel out of Egypt and received God's Law.
Cited in the guide: Exodus 2–Deuteronomy 34
Cross references (48)
Related passages for each verse, from the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge as collected and ranked by readers at OpenBible.info.
- 2 Exodus 13:4; Deuteronomy 16:1; Exodus 34:18; Exodus 23:15; Leviticus 23:5
- 3 Leviticus 1:2; Leviticus 5:6; John 1:29; 1 Corinthians 5:7; Exodus 4:30
- 5 Hebrews 9:13–14; 1 Peter 1:18–19; Malachi 1:14; Malachi 1:7–8; Deuteronomy 17:1
- 6 Leviticus 23:5; Numbers 28:16; 2 Chronicles 30:15–18; Numbers 9:11; Exodus 12:18
- 7 Hebrews 11:28; Exodus 12:22–23; Hebrews 9:22; Ephesians 1:7; Hebrews 10:14
- 8 Exodus 34:25; Deuteronomy 16:7; Deuteronomy 16:3–4; 1 Corinthians 5:6–8; John 6:52–57
- 9 Exodus 12:8; Deuteronomy 16:7; Lamentations 1:13
- 10 Exodus 23:18; Exodus 34:25; Leviticus 22:30; Exodus 29:34; Deuteronomy 16:4–5
- 11 Exodus 12:27; Ephesians 6:15; 1 Peter 1:13; 1 Corinthians 5:7; Leviticus 23:5
- 12 Numbers 33:4; Psalm 82:6; Exodus 12:23; Zephaniah 2:11; Psalm 82:1
- 13 Hebrews 11:28; Exodus 12:23; 1 John 1:7; Genesis 17:11; Joshua 2:12
- 14 2 Kings 23:21; Exodus 12:17; Exodus 12:24; Exodus 13:9–10; 1 Corinthians 5:7–8
- 15 Genesis 17:14; Deuteronomy 16:3; Exodus 34:18; Exodus 23:15; Deuteronomy 16:8
- 16 Numbers 28:18; Leviticus 23:7–8; Numbers 28:25; Exodus 16:23; Exodus 35:2–3
- 17 Exodus 13:3; Exodus 7:5; Exodus 13:8; Exodus 12:41; Numbers 20:16
- 18 Exodus 12:15; Leviticus 23:5–8; Numbers 28:16–25; Exodus 12:1–2
- 19 Exodus 12:15; Deuteronomy 16:3; Exodus 23:15; Exodus 12:48; Exodus 34:18
- 21 Exodus 12:3; 2 Kings 23:21; Mark 14:12–16; Joshua 5:10; Ezra 6:20
- 22 Hebrews 11:28; Psalm 51:7; Exodus 12:7; Numbers 19:18; Hebrews 9:14
- 23 Revelation 7:3; Revelation 9:4; Hebrews 11:28; Exodus 12:12–13; 1 Corinthians 10:10
- 24 Exodus 12:14; Genesis 17:8–10
- 25 Exodus 3:17; Exodus 3:8; Psalm 105:44–45; Deuteronomy 4:5; Deuteronomy 12:8–9
- 26 Exodus 13:14–15; Deuteronomy 32:7; Psalm 145:4; Psalm 78:3–6; Joshua 4:21–24
- 27 Exodus 4:31; Exodus 12:11; Exodus 12:23; 1 Corinthians 5:7; 1 Chronicles 29:20
- 28 Hebrews 11:28
- 29 Psalm 78:51; Exodus 4:23; Psalm 105:36; Psalm 135:8; Psalm 136:10
- 30 Exodus 11:6; Amos 5:17; James 2:13; Matthew 25:6; Proverbs 21:13
- 31 Exodus 6:1; Exodus 10:9; Exodus 3:19–20; Exodus 8:8; Psalm 105:38
- 32 Exodus 10:26; Genesis 27:34; Genesis 27:38; Exodus 10:9; Exodus 9:28
- 33 Psalm 105:38; Exodus 11:1; Genesis 20:3; Numbers 17:12–13
- 34 Exodus 8:3
- 35 Exodus 3:21–22; Exodus 11:2–3; Psalm 105:37; Genesis 15:14
- 36 Genesis 15:14; Acts 7:10; Exodus 11:3; Exodus 3:21–22; Psalm 105:37
- 37 Numbers 1:46; Exodus 38:26; Numbers 33:5; Numbers 33:3; Numbers 11:21
- 38 Numbers 11:4; Zechariah 8:23
- 39 Exodus 6:1; Exodus 11:1; Exodus 12:31–33
- 40 Genesis 15:13; Acts 7:6; Acts 13:17; Genesis 12:1–3; Galatians 3:16–17
- 41 Habakkuk 2:3; John 7:8; Exodus 7:4; Acts 1:7; Joshua 5:14
- 42 Exodus 12:14; Deuteronomy 16:1–6; Exodus 13:10
- 43 Exodus 12:48; Numbers 9:14; Exodus 12:11; Leviticus 22:10; Ephesians 2:12
- 44 Genesis 17:12–13; Genesis 17:23
- 45 Leviticus 22:10; Ephesians 2:12
- 46 John 19:36; Numbers 9:12; John 19:33; Ephesians 2:19–22; Psalm 34:20
- 47 Exodus 12:6; Numbers 9:13; Exodus 12:3
- 48 Numbers 9:14; Colossians 3:11; Numbers 15:15–16; Galatians 3:28; Ezekiel 47:22
- 49 Numbers 15:15–16; Numbers 15:29; Numbers 9:14; Leviticus 24:22; Galatians 3:28
- 50 Matthew 7:24–25; Exodus 6:26; Matthew 28:20; John 15:14; Exodus 7:4
- 51 Exodus 12:41; Exodus 6:26
Cross references: OpenBible.info (CC BY), drawn mainly from the public-domain Treasury of Scripture Knowledge. · Sources & licences
What the Fathers said
Passages from the Church Fathers that expound or quote this chapter, verbatim from the public-domain Schaff edition (19th-century English translations).
How these were chosen
“Commentary” is the opening of a homily or exposition on this chapter (John Chrysostom’s homilies, Augustine’s tractates, sermons and expositions of the Psalms). “Quotes” are sentences where the edition’s own footnotes identify a quotation of a verse here, kept only when the wording matches the verse. Only works whose authorship is not in doubt are used. Psalms follow the Hebrew/English numbering (Augustine numbers them as the Septuagint does: his Psalm 50 is Psalm 51 here).
… fact that from one man, Abraham, in not much more than four hundred years, the numbers of the Hebrew race so increased, that in the exodus of that people from Egypt there are recorded to have been six hundred thousand men capable of bearing arms, and this over and above the Idumæans, who, though not numbered with Israel's descendants, were …
Read in context · Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, series 1, vol. 2 (1887)
… for the aliens' sake, to increase the number of the proselytes; and for manifestation of God's power, if haply their enemies having taken them captives, fancied they prevailed, because their own gods were mighty: like as in Egypt, out of which no small "mixed multitude" went up; and, after that, in Babylon, what befell touching the furnace and the dreams.
Read in context · Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, series 1, vol. 10 (1888)
Let them remember, then, that those who celebrated the passover at that time in type and shadow, when they were ordered to mark their door-posts with the blood of the lamb, used hyssop to mark them with. Now this is a meek and lowly herb, and yet nothing is stronger and more penetrating than its roots; that being rooted and …
Read in context · Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, series 1, vol. 2 (1887)
… He Himself, in the very act of giving the law of the Sabbath, did even therein darkly signify that He will have them refrain from the evil works only, by the saying, "Ye must do no work, except what shall be done for your life." And in the temple too all went on, and with more diligence and double toil.
Read in context · Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, series 1, vol. 10 (1888)
… a sheep to the slaughter, that by His blood sprinkled on our doorposts, that is, by the sign of His cross marked on our foreheads, we may be delivered from the perdition awaiting this world, as Israel from the bondage and destruction of the Egyptians; and a most salutary transit we make when we pass over from the devil to …
Read in context · Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, series 1, vol. 7 (1888)