1 And these [are] births of the sons of Noah, Shem, Ham, and Japheth; and born to them are sons after the deluge. 2 'Sons of Japheth [are] Gomer, and Magog, and Madai, and Javan, and Tubal, and Meshech, and Tiras. 3 And sons of Gomer [are] Ashkenaz, and Riphath, and Togarmah. 4 And sons of Javan [are] Elishah, and Tarshish, Kittim, and Dodanim. 5 By these have the isles of the nations been parted in their lands, each by his tongue, by their families, in their nations. 6 And sons of Ham [are] Cush, and Mitzraim, and Phut, and Canaan. 7 And sons of Cush [are] Seba, and Havilah, and Sabtah, and Raamah, and Sabtechah; and sons of Raamah [are] Sheba and Dedan. 8 And Cush hath begotten Nimrod; 9 he hath begun to be a hero in the land; he hath been a hero in hunting before Jehovah; therefore it is said, 'As Nimrod the hero [in] hunting before Jehovah.' 10 And the first part of his kingdom is Babel, and Erech, and Accad, and Calneh, in the land of Shinar; 11 from that land he hath gone out to Asshur, and buildeth Nineveh, even the broad places of the city, and Calah, 12 and Resen, between Nineveh and Calah; it [is] the great city. 13 And Mitzraim hath begotten the Ludim, and the Anamim, and the Lehabim, and the Naphtuhim, 14 and the Pathrusim, and the Casluhim, (whence have come out Philistim,) and the Caphtorim. 15 And Canaan hath begotten Sidon his first-born, and Heth, 16 and the Jebusite, and the Amorite, and the Girgashite, 17 and the Hivite, and the Arkite, and the Sinite, 18 and the Arvadite, and the Zemarite, and the Hamathite; and afterwards have the families of the Canaanite been scattered. 19 And the border of the Canaanite is from Sidon, [in] thy coming towards Gerar, unto Gaza; [in] thy coming towards Sodom, and Gomorrah, and Admah, and Zeboim, unto Lasha. 20 These [are] sons of Ham, by their families, by their tongues, in their lands, in their nations. 21 As to Shem, father of all sons of Eber, brother of Japheth the elder, he hath also begotten: 22 Sons of Shem [are] Elam, and Asshur, and Arphaxad, and Lud, and Aram. 23 And sons of Aram [are] Uz, and Hul, and Gether, and Mash. 24 And Arphaxad hath begotten Salah, and Salah hath begotten Eber. 25 And to Eber have two sons been born; the name of the one [is] Peleg (for in his days hath the earth been divided,) and his brother's name [is] Joktan. 26 And Joktan hath begotten Almodad, and Sheleph, and Hazarmaveth, and Jerah, 27 and Hadoram, and Uzal, and Diklah, 28 and Obal, and Abimael, and Sheba, 29 and Ophir, and Havilah, and Jobab; all these [are] sons of Joktan; 30 and their dwelling is from Mesha, [in] thy coming towards Sephar, a mount of the east. 31 These [are] sons of Shem, by their families, by their tongues, in their lands, by their nations. 32 These [are] families of the sons of Noah, by their births, in their nations, and by these have the nations been parted in the earth after the deluge.
Genesis · Young's Literal Translation
Genesis 10 Young's Literal Translation
Audio: World English Bible (WEB), read by Winfred W. Henson · About the recordings
People & places in this chapter
From this site's family tree and Bible maps, only where those guides cite this chapter.
People
Abimael
Listed among the thirteen sons of Joktan, a descendant of Shem through Eber.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:28; 1 Chronicles 1:22
Almodad
Listed among the thirteen sons of Joktan, a descendant of Shem through Eber.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:26; 1 Chronicles 1:20
Amorite
Listed among those whom Canaan fathered in the Table of Nations (BSB: 'the Amorites'), a Canaanite clan.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:16; 1 Chronicles 1:14
Anamim
Listed among those whom Mizraim fathered in the Table of Nations (BSB: 'the Anamites').
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:13; 1 Chronicles 1:11
Aram
A son of Shem and ancestor of the Arameans, the peoples of Syria.
Cited in the guide: Gen. 10:22-23
Arkite
Listed among those whom Canaan fathered in the Table of Nations (BSB: 'the Arkites'), a Canaanite clan.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:17; 1 Chronicles 1:15
Arphaxad
Born two years after the flood, a link from Shem toward Abraham.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:22–24; 11:10–13
Arvadite
Listed among those whom Canaan fathered in the Table of Nations (BSB: 'the Arvadites'), a Canaanite clan.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:18; 1 Chronicles 1:16
Ashkenaz
Listed first among the sons of Gomer in the Table of Nations.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:3; 1 Chronicles 1:6
Asshur
A son of Shem and ancestor of the Assyrians of the upper Tigris.
Cited in the guide: Gen. 10:22
Canaan
A son of Ham and ancestor of the Canaanites who peopled the Promised Land.
Cited in the guide: Gen. 10:6,15-19
Caphtorim
Listed among those whom Mizraim fathered in the Table of Nations (BSB: 'the Caphtorites').
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:14; 1 Chronicles 1:12
Casluhim
Listed among those whom Mizraim fathered in the Table of Nations (BSB: 'the Casluhites'), from whom the Philistines came.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:14; 1 Chronicles 1:12
Cush
A son of Ham and ancestor of the Cushites of Ethiopia and Nubia.
Cited in the guide: Gen. 10:6-8
Dedan
Listed with Sheba as a son of Raamah, Cush's son, in the Table of Nations.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:7; 1 Chronicles 1:9
Diklah
Listed among the thirteen sons of Joktan, a descendant of Shem through Eber.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:27; 1 Chronicles 1:21
Eber
The name behind the word 'Hebrew,' father of Peleg.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:24–25; 11:14–17
Elam
A son of Shem and ancestor of the Elamites east of Babylon, near Persia.
Cited in the guide: Gen. 10:22
Elishah
Listed first among the sons of Javan in the Table of Nations.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:4; 1 Chronicles 1:7
Gether
Listed among the sons of Aram in the Table of Nations.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:23; 1 Chronicles 1:17
Girgashite
Listed among those whom Canaan fathered in the Table of Nations (BSB: 'the Girgashites'), a Canaanite clan.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:16; 1 Chronicles 1:14
Gomer
A son of Japheth and ancestor of northern peoples linked to the Cimmerians.
Cited in the guide: Gen. 10:2-3
Hadoram
Listed among the thirteen sons of Joktan, a descendant of Shem through Eber.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:27; 1 Chronicles 1:21
Ham
A son of Noah whose descendants filled the Table of Nations.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 9:18–25; 10:6–20
Hamathite
Listed among those whom Canaan fathered in the Table of Nations (BSB: 'the Hamathites'), a Canaanite clan.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:18; 1 Chronicles 1:16
Havilah
Listed among the sons of Cush in the Table of Nations.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:7; 1 Chronicles 1:9
Havilah
Listed among the thirteen sons of Joktan, a descendant of Shem through Eber.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:29; 1 Chronicles 1:23
Hazarmaveth
Listed among the thirteen sons of Joktan, a descendant of Shem through Eber.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:26; 1 Chronicles 1:20
Heth
Listed after Sidon among those whom Canaan fathered in the Table of Nations (BSB: 'the Hittites').
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:15; 1 Chronicles 1:13
Hivite
Listed among those whom Canaan fathered in the Table of Nations (BSB: 'the Hivites'), a Canaanite clan.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:17; 1 Chronicles 1:15
Hul
Listed among the sons of Aram in the Table of Nations.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:23; 1 Chronicles 1:17
Japheth
A son of Noah, ancestor of the northern and coastland nations.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 9:18–27; 10:2–5
Javan
A son of Japheth and ancestor of the Greeks, known in Scripture as the Ionians.
Cited in the guide: Gen. 10:2,4
Jebusite
Listed among those whom Canaan fathered in the Table of Nations (BSB: 'the Jebusites'), a Canaanite clan.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:16; 1 Chronicles 1:14
Jerah
Listed among the thirteen sons of Joktan, a descendant of Shem through Eber.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:26; 1 Chronicles 1:20
Jobab
Listed among the thirteen sons of Joktan, a descendant of Shem through Eber.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:29; 1 Chronicles 1:23
Joktan
Eber's other son and the brother of Peleg, who was the father of the thirteen sons listed in Genesis 10:26-29.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:25; Genesis 10:26; Genesis 10:29
Kittim
Listed among the sons of Javan (BSB: 'the Kittites'), one of the maritime peoples that separated into their territories.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:4; 1 Chronicles 1:7
Lehabim
Listed among those whom Mizraim fathered in the Table of Nations (BSB: 'the Lehabites').
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:13; 1 Chronicles 1:11
Lud
A son of Shem and ancestor of a people traditionally placed in Asia Minor.
Cited in the guide: Gen. 10:22
Ludim
Listed among those whom Mizraim fathered in the Table of Nations (BSB: 'the Ludites').
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:13; 1 Chronicles 1:11
Madai
A son of Japheth and ancestor of the Medes of the Iranian plateau.
Cited in the guide: Gen. 10:2
Magog
A son of Japheth associated with the peoples of the far north.
Cited in the guide: Gen. 10:2
Mash
Listed last among the sons of Aram in Genesis 10:23 (the BSB reads 'Meshech' for this son in 1 Chronicles 1:17).
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:23; 1 Chronicles 1:17
Meshech
A son of Japheth associated with peoples of Asia Minor near Tubal.
Cited in the guide: Gen. 10:2
Naphtuhim
Listed among those whom Mizraim fathered in the Table of Nations (BSB: 'the Naphtuhites').
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:13; 1 Chronicles 1:11
Nimrod
A son of Cush, a mighty hunter before the LORD and founder of the first empire.
Cited in the guide: Gen. 10:8-12
Obal
Listed among the thirteen sons of Joktan, a descendant of Shem through Eber.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:28; 1 Chronicles 1:22
Ophir
Listed among the thirteen sons of Joktan, a descendant of Shem through Eber.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:29; 1 Chronicles 1:23
Pathrusim
Listed among those whom Mizraim fathered in the Table of Nations (BSB: 'the Pathrusites').
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:14; 1 Chronicles 1:12
Peleg
In his days, Scripture says, the earth was divided.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:25; 11:16–19
Raamah
Listed among the sons of Cush in the Table of Nations, and the father of Sheba and Dedan.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:7; 1 Chronicles 1:9
Riphath
Listed among the sons of Gomer in the Table of Nations.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:3; 1 Chronicles 1:6
Sabtah
Listed among the sons of Cush in the Table of Nations.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:7; 1 Chronicles 1:9
Seba
Listed first among the sons of Cush in the Table of Nations.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:7; 1 Chronicles 1:9
Sheba
Listed among the thirteen sons of Joktan, a descendant of Shem through Eber.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:28; 1 Chronicles 1:22
Sheba
Listed with Dedan as a son of Raamah, Cush's son, in the Table of Nations.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:7; 1 Chronicles 1:9
Sheleph
Listed among the thirteen sons of Joktan, a descendant of Shem through Eber.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:26; 1 Chronicles 1:20
Shem
Noah's blessed son, ancestor of the Semitic peoples and of Abraham.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 9:18–10:31; 11:10–26
Sidon
Canaan's firstborn son, listed first among the sons of Canaan in the Table of Nations.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:15; 1 Chronicles 1:13
Sinite
Listed among those whom Canaan fathered in the Table of Nations (BSB: 'the Sinites'), a Canaanite clan.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:17; 1 Chronicles 1:15
Tarshish
Listed among the sons of Javan in the Table of Nations.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:4; 1 Chronicles 1:7
Tiras
A son of Japheth linked by tradition to seafaring peoples of the Aegean.
Cited in the guide: Gen. 10:2
Togarmah
Listed among the sons of Gomer in the Table of Nations.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:3; 1 Chronicles 1:6
Tubal
A son of Japheth linked to peoples of Asia Minor near the Black Sea.
Cited in the guide: Gen. 10:2
Uz
Listed first among the sons of Aram in the Table of Nations.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:23; 1 Chronicles 1:17
Uzal
Listed among the thirteen sons of Joktan, a descendant of Shem through Eber.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:27; 1 Chronicles 1:21
Zemarite
Listed among those whom Canaan fathered in the Table of Nations (BSB: 'the Zemarites'), a Canaanite clan.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 10:18; 1 Chronicles 1:16
Cross references (31)
Related passages for each verse, from the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge as collected and ranked by readers at OpenBible.info.
- 1 Genesis 2:4; Genesis 9:7; Matthew 1:1; Genesis 9:1; Genesis 9:19
- 2 Ezekiel 38:2; Ezekiel 38:6; Isaiah 66:19; 1 Chronicles 1:5–7; Revelation 20:8
- 3 Ezekiel 27:14; Jeremiah 51:27
- 4 Daniel 11:30; Numbers 24:24; Isaiah 23:12; Isaiah 23:1; Ezekiel 27:25
- 5 Zephaniah 2:11; Isaiah 42:4; Jeremiah 2:10; Jeremiah 25:22; Genesis 10:20
- 6 1 Chronicles 1:8–16; Psalm 106:22; Psalm 105:27; Genesis 9:22; Isaiah 11:11
- 7 Ezekiel 27:22; Ezekiel 27:15; 1 Kings 10:1; Genesis 2:11; Isaiah 21:13
- 8 Micah 5:6
- 9 2 Chronicles 28:22; Genesis 6:11; Genesis 27:30; Genesis 25:27; Genesis 13:13
- 10 Genesis 11:9; Genesis 11:2; Genesis 14:1; Micah 4:10; Isaiah 39:1
- 11 Micah 5:6; Jonah 1:2; Nahum 1:1; Psalm 83:8; Isaiah 37:37
- 13 Jeremiah 46:9; 1 Chronicles 1:11–12; Ezekiel 30:5
- 14 Jeremiah 47:4; 1 Chronicles 1:12; Amos 9:7; Deuteronomy 2:23; Jeremiah 44:1
- 15 Numbers 34:2–15; Exodus 34:11; 1 Chronicles 1:13; Genesis 23:3; Genesis 15:18–21
- 16 Zechariah 9:7; Judges 1:21; 2 Samuel 24:18
- 17 Genesis 34:2
- 18 2 Kings 17:24; 2 Kings 17:30; Isaiah 10:9; Ezekiel 27:8; 2 Samuel 8:9
- 19 Genesis 14:2; Genesis 19:24–25; Joshua 14:1–15; Hosea 11:8; Judges 16:1
- 20 Genesis 10:6; Genesis 11:1–9
- 21 Numbers 24:24; Genesis 11:10–26
- 22 Isaiah 66:19; Acts 2:9; Isaiah 21:2; Jeremiah 49:34–39; Genesis 9:26
- 23 Job 1:1; Jeremiah 25:20
- 24 Luke 3:35; Genesis 11:12–15
- 25 1 Chronicles 1:19; Genesis 10:32; Deuteronomy 32:8; Acts 17:26; Luke 3:35–36
- 26 1 Chronicles 1:20–28
- 27 1 Chronicles 1:20–28
- 28 1 Kings 10:1; Genesis 25:3; 1 Chronicles 1:20–28
- 29 1 Kings 9:28; Job 22:24; Psalm 45:9; 1 Samuel 15:7; 1 Kings 22:48
- 30 Numbers 23:7
- 31 Genesis 10:5; Genesis 10:20; Acts 17:26
- 32 Genesis 9:19; Acts 17:26; Genesis 10:1; Genesis 5:29–31; Genesis 10:25
Cross references: OpenBible.info (CC BY), drawn mainly from the public-domain Treasury of Scripture Knowledge. · Sources & licences
What the Fathers said
Passages from the Church Fathers that expound or quote this chapter, verbatim from the public-domain Schaff edition (19th-century English translations).
How these were chosen
“Commentary” is the opening of a homily or exposition on this chapter (John Chrysostom’s homilies, Augustine’s tractates, sermons and expositions of the Psalms). “Quotes” are sentences where the edition’s own footnotes identify a quotation of a verse here, kept only when the wording matches the verse. Only works whose authorship is not in doubt are used. Psalms follow the Hebrew/English numbering (Augustine numbers them as the Septuagint does: his Psalm 50 is Psalm 51 here).
For we read, "Unto Shem also, the father of all the children of Heber, the brother of Japheth the elder, were children born." This is the order of the words: And to Shem was born Heber, even to himself, that is, to Shem himself was born Heber, and Shem is the father of all his children.
Read in context · Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, series 1, vol. 2 (1887)
And unquestionably it is this which fulfills the promise I made, that it should appear why it is said of the sons of Heber, "The name of the one was Peleg, for in his days the earth was divided." For what can we understand by the division of the earth, if not the diversity of languages?
Read in context · Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, series 1, vol. 2 (1887)
… himself gave to his son this name Peleg, which means Division; because he was born when the earth was divided, that is, at the very time of the division, and that this is the meaning of the words, "In his days the earth was divided." For unless Heber had been still alive when the languages were multiplied, the language which …
Read in context · Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, series 1, vol. 2 (1887)