1 And it comes to pass, in the days of Ahasuerus—he [is] Ahasuerus who is reigning from Hodu even to Cush, one hundred twenty-seven provinces— 2 in those days, at the sitting of King Ahasuerus on the throne of his kingdom, that [is] in Shushan the palace, 3 in the third year of his reign, he has made a banquet to all his heads and his servants; of the force of Persia and Media, the chiefs and heads of the provinces [are] before him, 4 in his showing the wealth of the glory of his kingdom, and the glory of the beauty of his greatness, many days—one hundred eighty days. 5 And at the fullness of these days the king has made a banquet to all the people who are found in Shushan the palace, from great even to small, [for] seven days, in the court of the garden of the house of the king— 6 white linen, white cotton, and blue, fastened with cords of fine linen and purple on rings of silver, and pillars of marble, couches of gold, and of silver, on a pavement of smaragdus, and white marble, and mother-of-pearl, and black marble— 7 and the giving of drink in vessels of gold, and the vessels [are] various vessels, and the royal wine [is] abundant, as a memorial of the king. 8 And the drinking [is] according to law, none is pressing, for so the king has appointed for every chief one of his house, to do according to the pleasure of man and man. 9 Also Vashti the queen has made a banquet for women, in the royal house that King Ahasuerus has. 10 On the seventh day, as the heart of the king is glad with wine, he has commanded to Mehuman, Biztha, Harbona, Bigtha, and Abagtha, Zethar, and Carcas, the seven eunuchs who are ministering in the presence of King Ahasuerus, 11 to bring in Vashti the queen before the king, with a royal crown, to show the peoples and the heads her beauty, for she [is] of good appearance, 12 and the queen Vashti refuses to come in at the word of the king that [is] by the hand of the eunuchs, and the king is very angry, and his fury has burned in him. 13 And the king says to wise men, knowing the times—for so [is] the word of the king before all knowing law and judgment, 14 and he who is near to him [is] Carshena, Shethar, Admatha, Tarshish, Meres, Marsena, Memucan, seven heads of Persia and Media seeing the face of the king, who are sitting first in the kingdom— 15 “According to law, what should [I] do with Queen Vashti, because that she has not done the saying of King Ahasuerus by the hand of the eunuchs?” 16 And Memucan says before the king and the heads, “Queen Vashti has not done perversely against the king by himself, but against all the heads, and against all the peoples that [are] in all provinces of King Ahasuerus; 17 for the word of the queen goes forth to all the women, to render their husbands contemptible in their eyes, in their saying, King Ahasuerus commanded to bring in Vashti the queen before him, and she did not come; 18 indeed, this day princesses of Persia and Media, who have heard the word of the queen, say [so] to all heads of the king, even according to the sufficiency of contempt and wrath. 19 If to the king [it be] good, there goes forth a royal word from before him, and it is written with the laws of Persia and Media, and does not pass away, that Vashti does not come in before King Ahasuerus, and the king gives her royalty to her companion who [is] better than she; 20 and the sentence of the king that he makes has been heard in all his kingdom—for it [is] great—and all the wives give honor to their husbands, from great even to small.” 21 And the thing is good in the eyes of the king, and of the princes, and the king does according to the word of Memucan, 22 and sends letters to all provinces of the king, to province and province according to its writing, and to people and people according to its tongue, for every man being head in his own house—and speaking according to the language of his people.
Esther · Literal Standard Version
Esther 1 Literal Standard Version
Audio: World English Bible (WEB), read by Winfred W. Henson · About the recordings
People & places in this chapter
From this site's family tree and Bible maps, only where those guides cite this chapter.
People
Abagtha
One of the seven eunuchs who served the king and were sent to bring Queen Vashti.
Cited in the guide: Esther 1:10
Admatha
One of the seven princes of Persia and Media who had personal access to the king and advised him on Vashti.
Cited in the guide: Esther 1:14
Bigtha
One of the seven eunuchs who served the king and were sent to bring Queen Vashti.
Cited in the guide: Esther 1:10
Biztha
One of the seven eunuchs who served the king and were sent to bring Queen Vashti.
Cited in the guide: Esther 1:10
Carshena
One of the seven princes of Persia and Media who had personal access to the king and advised him on Vashti.
Cited in the guide: Esther 1:14
Harbona
One of the seven eunuchs who served the king and were sent to bring Queen Vashti. A eunuch Harbonah later tells the king of the gallows Haman built for Mordecai, and Haman is…
Cited in the guide: Esther 1:10; Esther 7:9
Marsena
One of the seven princes of Persia and Media who had personal access to the king and advised him on Vashti.
Cited in the guide: Esther 1:14
Mehuman
One of the seven eunuchs who served the king and were sent to bring Queen Vashti.
Cited in the guide: Esther 1:10
Memucan
One of the seven princes who advised the king; he spoke for them in urging that Vashti be banished, and the king followed his counsel.
Cited in the guide: Esther 1:14; Esther 1:16; Esther 1:21
Meres
One of the seven princes of Persia and Media who had personal access to the king and advised him on Vashti.
Cited in the guide: Esther 1:14
Shethar
One of the seven princes of Persia and Media who had personal access to the king and advised him on Vashti.
Cited in the guide: Esther 1:14
Tarshish
One of the seven princes of Persia and Media who had personal access to the king and advised him on Vashti.
Cited in the guide: Esther 1:14
Vashti
Queen who gave a banquet for the women but refused the king’s command to appear before his guests; she was banished from the king’s presence by royal decree and replaced by Esther.
Cited in the guide: Esther 1:9; Esther 1:12; Esther 1:19
Xerxes
King who reigned over 127 provinces from Susa; he deposed Vashti, made Esther queen, honored Mordecai, hanged Haman and allowed the Jews to defend themselves. Ezra 4:6 mentions an…
Cited in the guide: Ezra 4:6; Esther 1:1; Esther 2:16
Zethar
One of the seven eunuchs who served the king and were sent to bring Queen Vashti.
Cited in the guide: Esther 1:10
Cross references (22)
Related passages for each verse, from the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge as collected and ranked by readers at OpenBible.info.
- 1 Daniel 9:1; Ezra 4:6; Esther 8:9; Esther 9:30; Daniel 6:1
- 2 Nehemiah 1:1; 2 Samuel 7:1; Daniel 8:2; 1 Kings 1:46; Esther 2:3
- 3 Mark 6:21; Esther 2:18; Daniel 5:1; 1 Kings 3:15; Isaiah 21:2
- 4 Job 40:10; Colossians 1:27; Daniel 4:30; 1 Chronicles 29:25; Psalm 93:1
- 5 Esther 7:7–8; 2 Chronicles 30:21–25; 2 Chronicles 7:8–9
- 6 Amos 6:4; Ezekiel 23:41; Amos 2:8; Esther 7:8; Esther 8:15
- 7 Daniel 5:2–4; 1 Kings 10:21; 2 Chronicles 9:20; Esther 2:18
- 8 Habakkuk 2:15–16; Jeremiah 51:7; Jeremiah 35:8
- 9 Esther 5:4; Esther 5:8
- 10 Esther 7:9; Judges 16:25; 2 Samuel 13:28; Ecclesiastes 7:2–4; Proverbs 20:1
- 11 Proverbs 31:30; Mark 6:21–22; Proverbs 16:9; 2 Samuel 14:25; 1 Samuel 25:3
- 12 Proverbs 19:12; 1 Peter 3:1; Proverbs 20:2; Deuteronomy 29:20; Exodus 32:22
- 13 1 Chronicles 12:32; Daniel 2:2; Jeremiah 10:7; Matthew 16:3; Daniel 2:12
- 14 2 Kings 25:19; Matthew 18:10; Ezra 7:14; Revelation 22:4
- 15 Esther 6:6
- 16 1 Corinthians 6:7–8; Acts 25:10; Acts 18:14
- 17 Ephesians 5:33; 2 Samuel 6:16
- 18 Judges 5:29; 1 Kings 11:3
- 19 1 Samuel 15:28; Esther 8:8; Esther 3:9; Daniel 6:8–15; Daniel 6:17
- 20 Colossians 3:18; Ephesians 5:22; 1 Peter 3:1–7; Ephesians 5:33; Deuteronomy 21:21
- 21 Esther 2:4; Genesis 41:37; Esther 1:19
- 22 Esther 8:9; Esther 3:12; Ephesians 5:22–24; 1 Timothy 2:12; Daniel 4:1
Cross references: OpenBible.info (CC BY), drawn mainly from the public-domain Treasury of Scripture Knowledge. · Sources & licences