1 And Jacob called unto his sons, and said: Gather yourselves together, that I may tell you that which shall befall you in the latter days. 2 Assemble yourselves, and hear, ye sons of Jacob; And hearken unto Israel your father. 3 Reuben, thou art my firstborn, my might, and the beginning of my strength; The excellency of dignity, and the excellency of power. 4 Unstable as water, thou shalt not have the excellency; Because thou wentest up to thy father’s bed: Then defiledst thou it: he went up to my couch. 5 Simeon and Levi are brethren; Weapons of violence are their swords. 6 O my soul, come not thou into their council; Unto their assembly, my glory, be not thou united; For in their anger they slew a man, And in their selfwill they houghed an ox. 7 Cursed be their anger, for it was fierce; And their wrath, for it was cruel: I will divide them in Jacob, And scatter them in Israel. 8 Judah, thee shall thy brethren praise: Thy hand shall be on the neck of thine enemies; Thy father’s sons shall bow down before thee. 9 Judah is a lion’s whelp; From the prey, my son, thou art gone up: He stooped down, he couched as a lion, And as a lioness; who shall rouse him up? 10 The sceptre shall not depart from Judah, Nor the ruler’s staff from between his feet, Until Shiloh come; And unto him shall the obedience of the peoples be. 11 Binding his foal unto the vine, And his ass’s colt unto the choice vine; He hath washed his garments in wine, And his vesture in the blood of grapes: 12 His eyes shall be red with wine, And his teeth white with milk. 13 Zebulun shall dwell at the haven of the sea: And he shall be for an haven of ships; And his border shall be upon Zidon. 14 Issachar is a strong ass, Couching down between the sheepfolds: 15 And he saw a resting place that it was good, And the land that it was pleasant; And he bowed his shoulder to bear, And became a servant under taskwork. 16 Dan shall judge his people, As one of the tribes of Israel. 17 Dan shall be a serpent in the way, An adder in the path, That biteth the horse’s heels, So that his rider falleth backward. 18 I have waited for thy salvation, O LORD. 19 Gad, a troop shall press upon him: But he shall press upon their heel. 20 Out of Asher his bread shall be fat, And he shall yield royal dainties. 21 Naphtali is a hind let loose: He giveth goodly words. 22 Joseph is a fruitful bough, A fruitful bough by a fountain; His branches run over the wall. 23 The archers have sorely grieved him, And shot at him, and persecuted him: 24 But his bow abode in strength, And the arms of his hands were made strong, By the hands of the Mighty One of Jacob, (From thence is the shepherd, the stone of Israel,) 25 Even by the God of thy father, who shall help thee, And by the Almighty, who shall bless thee, With blessings of heaven above, Blessings of the deep that coucheth beneath, Blessings of the breasts, and of the womb. 26 The blessings of thy father Have prevailed above the blessings of my progenitors Unto the utmost bound of the everlasting hills: They shall be on the head of Joseph, And on the crown of the head of him that was separate from his brethren. 27 Benjamin is a wolf that ravineth: In the morning he shall devour the prey, And at even he shall divide the spoil. 28 All these are the twelve tribes of Israel: and this is it that their father spake unto them and blessed them; every one according to his blessing he blessed them. 29 And he charged them, and said unto them, I am to be gathered unto my people: bury me with my fathers in the cave that is in the field of Ephron the Hittite, 30 in the cave that is in the field of Machpelah, which is before Mamre, in the land of Canaan, which Abraham bought with the field from Ephron the Hittite for a possession of a buryingplace: 31 there they buried Abraham and Sarah his wife; there they buried Isaac and Rebekah his wife; and there I buried Leah: 32 the field and the cave that is therein, which was purchased from the children of Heth. 33 And when Jacob made an end of charging his sons, he gathered up his feet into the bed, and yielded up the ghost, and was gathered unto his people.
Genesis · Revised Version with Apocrypha
Genesis 49 Revised Version with Apocrypha
Audio: World English Bible (WEB), read by Winfred W. Henson · About the recordings
People & places in this chapter
From this site's family tree and Bible maps, only where those guides cite this chapter.
People
Asher
Second son of Zilpah, whose name means 'happy' or 'blessed.'
Cited in the guide: Genesis 30:12–13; 49:20
Benjamin
Jacob's youngest, born as Rachel died giving him life.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 35:16–24; 49:27
Dan
First son of Bilhah, whose name means 'he has judged.'
Cited in the guide: Genesis 30:1–6; 49:16–18
Gad
First son of Zilpah, whose name speaks of good fortune.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 30:9–11; 49:19
Issachar
A son of Leah, likened to a strong donkey bearing its burden.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 30:14–18; 49:14–15
Jacob
He wrestled with God through the night and rose as Israel, father of twelve tribes.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 25–35; 46–49
Joseph
Betrayed and enslaved, he rose to rule Egypt and saved his family from famine.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 37; 39–50
Judah
The lion of the tribes, from whom kings and the Messiah would come.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 29:35; 38; 49:8–12
Naphtali
Second son of Bilhah, likened to a doe set free.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 30:7–8; 49:21
Reuben
Jacob's firstborn, who forfeited his standing by a grave offense.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 29:32; 35:22; 49:3–4
Simeon
A son of Leah whose fierce anger drew his father's rebuke.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 29:33; 34; 49:5–7
Zebulun
The last son of Leah, foretold to dwell by the seashore.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 30:19–20; 49:13
Cross references (32)
Related passages for each verse, from the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge as collected and ranked by readers at OpenBible.info.
- 1 Numbers 24:14; Jeremiah 23:20; Daniel 10:14; Deuteronomy 4:30; Revelation 4:1
- 2 Psalm 34:11; Proverbs 6:20; Proverbs 5:1; Proverbs 23:22; Proverbs 7:24
- 3 Psalm 78:51; Deuteronomy 21:17; Psalm 105:36; Genesis 29:32; 1 Chronicles 2:1
- 4 Genesis 35:22; 1 Chronicles 5:1; Deuteronomy 27:20; Deuteronomy 33:6; 1 Corinthians 5:1
- 5 Genesis 34:25–31; Genesis 29:33–34; Genesis 46:10–11; Proverbs 18:9
- 6 Genesis 34:30; Psalm 26:9; Psalm 16:9; Psalm 26:4–5; Psalm 64:2
- 7 1 Chronicles 4:24–31; Joshua 19:1–9; 1 Chronicles 6:65; 2 Samuel 13:15; Proverbs 26:24–25
- 8 Genesis 27:29; 1 Chronicles 5:2; Hebrews 7:14; Deuteronomy 33:7; Genesis 29:35
- 9 Numbers 24:9; Revelation 5:5; Numbers 23:24; Micah 5:8; Hosea 5:14
- 10 Numbers 24:17; Luke 1:32–33; Psalm 60:7; Isaiah 9:6; Isaiah 33:22
- 11 Isaiah 63:1–3; Revelation 7:14; Joel 3:18; 1 Kings 4:20; 1 Kings 4:25
- 13 Deuteronomy 33:18–19; Joshua 19:10–16; Genesis 30:20
- 14 1 Chronicles 12:32; Genesis 30:18; Deuteronomy 33:18; Joshua 19:17–23; Judges 5:15–16
- 15 2 Samuel 7:1; Joshua 14:15; Ezekiel 29:18; Judges 3:11; Matthew 23:4
- 16 Deuteronomy 33:22; Genesis 30:6; Judges 13:2; Judges 18:26–27; Numbers 10:25
- 17 Judges 18:22–31; 1 Chronicles 12:35; Judges 14:1–15
- 18 Psalm 119:174; Isaiah 25:9; Psalm 119:166; Micah 7:7; Psalm 130:5
- 19 1 Chronicles 5:11–22; Deuteronomy 33:20–21; Genesis 30:11; 1 Chronicles 3:18–22; 1 Chronicles 5:26
- 20 Deuteronomy 33:24–25; Genesis 30:13; Joshua 19:24–31; Genesis 46:17
- 21 Deuteronomy 33:23; Genesis 30:8; Joshua 19:32–39; Judges 4:10; Judges 5:18
- 22 Genesis 41:52; Psalm 128:3; Psalm 1:1–3; Joshua 16:1–10; Joshua 17:14–17
- 23 Genesis 37:24; Psalm 118:13; Psalm 64:3; Genesis 37:28; Genesis 37:4
- 24 Psalm 132:2; Psalm 132:5; Isaiah 28:16; Psalm 80:1; Job 29:20
- 25 Genesis 35:11; Genesis 28:13; Philippians 4:19; Deuteronomy 33:13–17; Deuteronomy 8:17
- 26 Deuteronomy 33:15–16; Habakkuk 3:6; Numbers 6:2; Isaiah 66:5; Genesis 27:39–40
- 27 Judges 20:21; Judges 20:25; Numbers 23:24; Ezekiel 22:27; Genesis 35:18
- 28 Esther 8:11; Revelation 7:4; Ezekiel 39:8–10; Numbers 23:24; 1 Kings 18:31
- 29 Genesis 47:30; Genesis 50:13; Genesis 15:15; Genesis 25:8–17; 2 Samuel 19:37
- 30 Genesis 23:16–18; Genesis 23:8–9; Genesis 23:20
- 31 Genesis 35:29; Genesis 25:9; Genesis 23:16–20; Acts 7:16; Genesis 47:30
- 32 Genesis 23:17–20
- 33 Genesis 49:29; Genesis 25:8; Genesis 35:29; Joshua 24:27–29; Hebrews 12:23
Cross references: OpenBible.info (CC BY), drawn mainly from the public-domain Treasury of Scripture Knowledge. · Sources & licences
What the Fathers said
Passages from the Church Fathers that expound or quote this chapter, verbatim from the public-domain Schaff edition (19th-century English translations).
How these were chosen
“Commentary” is the opening of a homily or exposition on this chapter (John Chrysostom’s homilies, Augustine’s tractates, sermons and expositions of the Psalms). “Quotes” are sentences where the edition’s own footnotes identify a quotation of a verse here, kept only when the wording matches the verse. Only works whose authorship is not in doubt are used. Psalms follow the Hebrew/English numbering (Augustine numbers them as the Septuagint does: his Psalm 50 is Psalm 51 here).
… sceptre shall not depart from Judah, nor a lawgiver from between his feet, until He come for whom it is reserved; and He shall be the desire of the nations, binding His foal to the vine, washing His robe in the blood of the grape." It is yours to make accurate inquiry, and ascertain up to whose time the Jews …
Salvation, indeed, as follows: "I have waited for Thy salvation, O Lord." And then again, Saviour: "Behold my God, my Saviour, I will put my trust in Him." But as bringing salvation, thus: "God hath made known His salvation (salutare) in the sight of the heathen." For He is indeed Saviour, as being the Son and Word of God; but …
Binding his foal unto the vine, and his ass's foal to the choice vine; he shall wash his robe in wine, and his clothes in the blood of the grape: his eyes are red with wine, and his teeth are whiter than milk." I have expounded these words in disputing against Faustus the Manichæan; and I think it is enough …
Read in context · Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, series 1, vol. 2 (1887)
… law of prophecy, that in many cases much that is spoken of one set of persons is fulfilled in another; of which kind is that which is said touching Simeon and Levi, "I will divide them," saith He, "in Jacob, and scatter them in Israel." And yet not in themselves did this come to pass, but in their descendants; and …
Read in context · Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, series 1, vol. 10 (1888)
… thy brethren praise, and afterwards, not to quote the whole, A prince shall not fail out of Judah, nor a ruler from his loins, until He come, for whom it is reserved; and He is the expectation, not of the Jews but of the Gentiles.
Read in context · Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, series 2, vol. 7 (1894)