Genesis · Church Slavonic Bible (Elizabeth Bible)
Genesis 43 Church Slavonic Bible (Elizabeth Bible)
Audio: World English Bible (WEB), read by Winfred W. Henson · About the recordings
Notes on this text (3)
- Church Slavonic in its traditional (Synodal) spelling, with accents, breathings and titlo abbreviations, shown in the Ponomar font (SIL Open Font License).
- Exodus 36–39 follow the Septuagint's order; the digital source has no verse divisions there, so Exodus 36:8–end and chapters 37, 38 and 39 each appear as one block.
- Not shown: the lectionary pericope numbers (зача́ло) and the marginal glosses of the digital source. The Prayer of Manasseh stands at the end of 2 Chronicles (36:24), as in the Slavonic Bible; the prologue of Sirach and the opening verse of Lamentations are joined to verse 1.
Slavonic Church Slavonic Bible (Elizabeth Bible)
RV1909 Reina-Valera 1909
WEB World English Bible (Classic, with Deuterocanon)
1 Гла́дъ же ѡ҆долѣ̀ на землѝ.
1 Y EL hambre era grande en la tierra.
1 The famine was severe in the land.
2 Бы́сть же є҆гда̀ сконча́ша пшени́цꙋ ꙗ҆дꙋ́ще, ю҆́же принесо́ша и҆з̾ є҆гѵ́пта: и҆ речѐ и҆̀мъ ѻ҆те́цъ и҆́хъ: па́ки ше́дше кꙋпи́те на́мъ ма́лѡ пи́щи.
2 Y aconteció que como acabaron de comer el trigo que trajeron de Egipto, díjoles su padre: Volved, [y] comprad para nosotros un poco de alimento.
2 When they had eaten up the grain which they had brought out of Egypt, their father said to them, “Go again, buy us a little more food.”
3 Рече́ же є҆мꙋ̀ і҆ꙋ́да, глаго́лѧ: клѧ́твою засвидѣ́тельствова на́мъ мꙋ́жъ господи́нъ землѝ (тоѧ̀) глаго́лѧ: не ᲂу҆́зрите лица̀ моегѡ̀, а҆́ще бра́тъ ва́шъ ме́ньшїй не прїи́детъ съ ва́ми:
3 Y respondió Judá, diciendo: Aquel varón nos protestó con ánimo resuelto, diciendo: No veréis mi rostro sin vuestro hermano con vosotros.
3 Judah spoke to him, saying, “The man solemnly warned us, saying, ‘You shall not see my face, unless your brother is with you.’
4 а҆́ще ᲂу҆́бѡ по́слеши бра́та на́шего съ на́ми, по́йдемъ и҆ кꙋ́пимъ тебѣ̀ пи́щи:
4 Si enviares á nuestro hermano con nosotros, descenderemos y te compraremos alimento:
4 If you’ll send our brother with us, we’ll go down and buy you food;
5 а҆́ще же не по́слеши бра́та на́шего съ на́ми, не по́йдемъ: мꙋ́жъ бо речѐ на́мъ, глаго́лѧ: не ᲂу҆́зрите лица̀ моегѡ̀, а҆́ще бра́тъ ва́шъ ме́ньшїй не прїи́детъ съ ва́ми.
5 Pero si no le enviares, no descenderemos: porque aquel varón nos dijo: No veréis mi rostro sin vuestro hermano con vosotros.
5 but if you don’t send him, we won’t go down, for the man said to us, ‘You shall not see my face, unless your brother is with you.’”
6 Рече́ же і҆и҃ль: почто̀ ѕло̀ сотвори́сте мѝ, повѣ́давше мꙋ́жꙋ, ꙗ҆́кѡ є҆́сть ва́мъ бра́тъ;
6 Y dijo Israel: ¿Por qué me hicisteis tanto mal, declarando al varón que teníais más hermano?
6 Israel said, “Why did you treat me so badly, telling the man that you had another brother?”
7 Ѻ҆ни́ же рѣ́ша: вопроша́ѧ вопросѝ на́съ мꙋ́жъ и҆ ро́да на́шегѡ, глаго́лѧ: а҆́ще є҆щѐ ѻ҆те́цъ ва́шъ жи́въ є҆́сть, и҆ а҆́ще є҆́сть ва́мъ бра́тъ; и҆ повѣ́дахомъ є҆мꙋ̀ по вопро́сꙋ семꙋ̀: є҆да̀ вѣ́дѣхомъ, ꙗ҆́кѡ рече́тъ на́мъ: приведи́те бра́та ва́шего;
7 Y ellos respondieron: Aquel varón nos preguntó expresamente por nosotros, y por nuestra parentela, diciendo: ¿Vive aún vuestro padre? ¿tenéis otro hermano? y declarámosle conforme á estas palabras. ¿Podíamos nosotros saber que había de decir: Haced venir á vuestro hermano?
7 They said, “The man asked directly concerning ourselves, and concerning our relatives, saying, ‘Is your father still alive? Have you another brother?’ We just answered his questions. Is there any way we could know that he would say, ‘Bring your brother down’?”
8 Рече́ же і҆ꙋ́да ко і҆и҃лю, ѻ҆тцꙋ̀ своемꙋ̀: ѿпꙋстѝ ѻ҆́трочища со мно́ю: и҆ воста́вше по́йдемъ, да жи́ви бꙋ́демъ и҆ не ᲂу҆́мремъ, и҆ мы̀ и҆ ты̀ и҆ и҆мѣ́нїе на́ше:
8 Entonces Judá dijo á Israel su padre: Envía al mozo conmigo, y nos levantaremos é iremos, á fin que vivamos y no muramos nosotros, y tú, y nuestros niños.
8 Judah said to Israel, his father, “Send the boy with me, and we’ll get up and go, so that we may live, and not die, both we, and you, and also our little ones.
9 а҆́зъ же возмꙋ̀ є҆го̀: ѿ рꙋкꙋ̀ моє́ю взыщѝ є҆го̀: а҆́ще не приведꙋ̀ є҆гѡ̀ къ тебѣ̀, и҆ поста́влю є҆го̀ пред̾ тобо́ю, грѣ́шенъ бꙋ́дꙋ къ тебѣ̀ всѧ̑ дни̑:
9 Yo lo fío; á mí me pedirás cuenta de él: si yo no te lo volviere y lo pusiere delante de ti, seré para ti el culpante todos los días:
9 I’ll be collateral for him. From my hand will you require him. If I don’t bring him to you, and set him before you, then let me bear the blame forever;
10 а҆́ще бо бы́хомъ не ᲂу҆ме́длили, ᲂу҆жѐ возврати́лисѧ бы два́жды.
10 Que si no nos hubiéramos detenido, cierto ahora hubiéramos ya vuelto dos veces.
10 for if we hadn’t delayed, surely we would have returned a second time by now.”
11 Рече́ же и҆̀мъ і҆и҃ль ѻ҆те́цъ и҆́хъ: а҆́ще та́кѡ є҆́сть, сїѐ сотвори́те: возми́те ѿ плодѡ́въ земны́хъ въ сосꙋ́ды своѧ̑ и҆ донеси́те человѣ́кꙋ да́ры, риті́нꙋ, ме́дъ, ѳѷмїа́ма же и҆ ста́кти, и҆ тереві́нѳъ и҆ ѻ҆рѣ́хи:
11 Entonces Israel su padre les respondió: Pues que así es, hacedlo; tomad de lo mejor de la tierra en vuestros vasos, y llevad á aquel varón un presente, un poco de bálsamo, y un poco de miel, aromas y mirra, nueces y almendras.
11 Their father, Israel, said to them, “If it must be so, then do this: Take from the choice fruits of the land in your bags, and carry down a present for the man, a little balm, a little honey, spices and myrrh, nuts, and almonds;
12 и҆ сребро̀ сꙋгꙋ́бо возми́те въ рꙋ́цѣ своѝ, и҆ сребро̀ ѡ҆брѣ́тенное во вре́тищахъ ва́шихъ возврати́те съ собо́ю, да не ка́кѡ невѣ́дѣнїе є҆́сть:
12 Y tomad en vuestras manos doblado dinero, y llevad en vuestra mano el dinero vuelto en las bocas de vuestros costales; quizá fué yerro.
12 and take double money in your hand, and take back the money that was returned in the mouth of your sacks. Perhaps it was an oversight.
13 и҆ бра́та своего̀ поими́те, и҆ воста́вше и҆ди́те къ мꙋ́жꙋ:
13 Tomad también á vuestro hermano, y levantaos, y volved á aquel varón.
13 Take your brother also, get up, and return to the man.
14 бг҃ъ же мо́й да да́стъ ва́мъ блгⷣть пред̾ мꙋ́жемъ и҆ ѿпꙋ́ститъ бра́та ва́шего є҆ди́наго, и҆ венїамі́на: а҆́зъ бо ꙗ҆́коже ѡ҆безча́дѣхъ, ѡ҆безча́дѣхъ.
14 Y el Dios Omnipotente os dé misericordias delante de aquel varón, y os suelte al otro vuestro hermano, y á este Benjamín. Y si he de ser privado de mis hijos, séalo.
14 May God Almighty give you mercy before the man, that he may release to you your other brother and Benjamin. If I am bereaved of my children, I am bereaved.”
15 Взе́мше же мꙋ́жїе да́ры сїѧ̑, и҆ сребро̀ сꙋгꙋ́бое взѧ́ша въ рꙋ́цѣ своѝ, и҆ венїамі́на: и҆ воста́вше прїидо́ша во є҆гѵ́петъ, и҆ ста́ша пред̾ і҆ѡ́сифомъ.
15 Entonces tomaron aquellos varones el presente, y tomaron en su mano doblado dinero, y á Benjamín; y se levantaron, y descendieron á Egipto, y presentáronse delante de José.
15 The men took that present, and they took double money in their hand, and Benjamin; and got up, went down to Egypt, and stood before Joseph.
16 Ви́дѣ же и҆̀хъ і҆ѡ́сифъ, и҆ венїамі́на бра́та своего̀ є҆динома́тернѧ, и҆ речѐ строи́телю до́мꙋ своегѡ̀: введѝ мꙋ́жы (сїѧ̑) въ до́мъ, и҆ заколѝ ѿ скота̀, и҆ ᲂу҆гото́вай: со мно́ю бо ꙗ҆́сти и҆́мꙋтъ мꙋ́жїе (сі́и) хлѣ́бъ въ полꙋ́дне.
16 Y vió José á Benjamín con ellos, y dijo al mayordomo de su casa: Mete en casa á esos hombres, y degüella víctima, y aderéza[la]; porque estos hombres comerán conmigo al medio día.
16 When Joseph saw Benjamin with them, he said to the steward of his house, “Bring the men into the house, and butcher an animal, and prepare; for the men will dine with me at noon.”
17 Сотвори́ же человѣ́къ, ꙗ҆́коже речѐ і҆ѡ́сифъ, и҆ введѐ мꙋ́жы въ до́мъ і҆ѡ́сифовъ.
17 E hizo el hombre como José dijo; y metió aquel hombre á los hombres en casa de José.
17 The man did as Joseph commanded, and the man brought the men to Joseph’s house.
18 Ви́дѣвше же мꙋ́жїе, ꙗ҆́кѡ введо́ша и҆̀хъ въ до́мъ і҆ѡ́сифовъ, рѣ́ша: сребра̀ ра́ди возвраще́ннагѡ во вре́тищахъ на́шихъ пе́рвѣе, вво́дѧтъ ны̀, є҆́же бы ѡ҆клевета́ти на́съ и҆ нанестѝ на ны̀, да по́ймꙋтъ на́съ въ рабы̑, и҆ ѻ҆слы̀ на́шѧ.
18 Y aquellos hombres tuvieron temor, cuando fueron metidos en casa de José, y decían: Por el dinero que fué vuelto en nuestros costales la primera vez nos han metido [aquí], para revolver contra nosotros, y dar sobre nosotros, y tomarnos por siervos á nosotros, y á nuestros asnos.
18 The men were afraid, because they were brought to Joseph’s house; and they said, “Because of the money that was returned in our sacks the first time, we’re brought in; that he may seek occasion against us, attack us, and seize us as slaves, along with our donkeys.”
19 Пристꙋпи́вше же къ человѣ́кꙋ сꙋ́щемꙋ над̾ до́момъ і҆ѡ́сифовымъ, реко́ша є҆мꙋ̀ при вратѣ́хъ до́мꙋ,
19 Y llegáronse al mayordomo de la casa de José, y le hablaron á la entrada de la casa.
19 They came near to the steward of Joseph’s house, and they spoke to him at the door of the house,
20 глаго́люще: мо́лимъ тѧ̀, господи́не: прїидо́хомъ пе́рвѣе кꙋпи́ти пи́щи:
20 Y dijeron: Ay, señor mío, nosotros en realidad de verdad descendimos al principio á comprar alimentos:
20 and said, “Oh, my lord, we indeed came down the first time to buy food.
21 бы́сть же є҆гда̀ прїидо́хомъ на ста́нъ и҆ ѿрѣши́хомъ врє́тища своѧ̑, и҆ сѐ, сребро̀ коегѡ́ждо во вре́тищи є҆гѡ̀: то́е сребро̀ на́ше вѣ́сомъ возврати́хомъ нн҃ѣ рꙋка́ми на́шими:
21 Y aconteció que como vinimos al mesón y abrimos nuestros costales, he aquí el dinero de cada uno estaba en la boca de su costal, nuestro dinero en su justo peso; y hémoslo vuelto en nuestras manos.
21 When we came to the lodging place, we opened our sacks, and behold, each man’s money was in the mouth of his sack, our money in full weight. We have brought it back in our hand.
22 и҆ сребро̀ дрꙋго́е принесо́хомъ съ собо́ю кꙋпи́ти пи́щи: не вѣ́мы, кто̀ вложѝ сребро̀ во врє́тища на̑ша.
22 Hemos también traído en nuestras manos otro dinero para comprar alimentos: nosotros no sabemos quién haya puesto nuestro dinero en nuestros costales.
22 We have brought down other money in our hand to buy food. We don’t know who put our money in our sacks.”
23 Рече́ же и҆̀мъ: ми́ръ ва́мъ, не бо́йтесѧ: бг҃ъ ва́шъ и҆ бг҃ъ ѻ҆тє́цъ ва́шихъ дадѐ ва́мъ сокрѡ́вища во вре́тищахъ ва́шихъ: а҆ сребро̀ ва́ше за прїѧ́тое и҆мѣ́ю. И҆ и҆зведѐ къ ни̑мъ сѷмеѡ́на:
23 Y él respondió: Paz á vosotros, no temáis; vuestro Dios y el Dios de vuestro padre os dió el tesoro en vuestros costales: vuestro dinero vino á mí. Y sacó á Simeón á ellos.
23 He said, “Peace be to you. Don’t be afraid. Your God, and the God of your father, has given you treasure in your sacks. I received your money.” He brought Simeon out to them.
24 и҆ принесѐ во́дꙋ ѡ҆мы́ти но́зѣ и҆̀мъ, и҆ дадѐ па̑жити ѻ҆слѡ́мъ и҆́хъ.
24 Y metió aquel varón á aquellos hombres en casa de José: y dióles agua, y lavaron sus pies: y dió de comer á sus asnos.
24 The man brought the men into Joseph’s house, and gave them water, and they washed their feet. He gave their donkeys fodder.
25 Оу҆гото́ваша же да́ры, до́ндеже прїи́детъ і҆ѡ́сифъ въ полꙋ́дне: слы́шаша бо, ꙗ҆́кѡ та́мѡ и҆́мать ѡ҆бѣ́дати.
25 Y ellos prepararon el presente entretanto que venía José al medio día, porque habían oído que allí habían de comer pan.
25 They prepared the present for Joseph’s coming at noon, for they heard that they should eat bread there.
26 Прїи́де же і҆ѡ́сифъ въ до́мъ: и҆ принесо́ша є҆мꙋ̀ да́ры, ꙗ҆̀же и҆мѧ́хꙋ въ рꙋка́хъ свои́хъ, въ до́мъ: и҆ поклони́шасѧ є҆мꙋ̀ лице́мъ до землѝ.
26 Y vino José á casa, y ellos le trajeron el presente que tenían en su mano dentro de casa, é inclináronse á él hasta tierra.
26 When Joseph came home, they brought him the present which was in their hand into the house, and bowed themselves down to the earth before him.
27 И҆ вопросѝ и҆̀хъ: здра́ви ли є҆стѐ; И҆ речѐ и҆̀мъ: здра́въ ли є҆́сть ѻ҆те́цъ ва́шъ, ста́рецъ, є҆го́же реко́сте, є҆ще́ ли жи́въ є҆́сть;
27 Entonces les preguntó él cómo estaban, y dijo: ¿Vuestro padre, el anciano que dijisteis, lo pasa bien? ¿vive todavía?
27 He asked them of their welfare, and said, “Is your father well, the old man of whom you spoke? Is he yet alive?”
28 Ѻ҆ни́ же реко́ша: здра́въ є҆́сть ра́бъ тво́й, ѻ҆те́цъ на́шъ, є҆щѐ жи́въ є҆́сть. И҆ речѐ: блгⷭ҇ве́нъ человѣ́къ ѻ҆́ный бг҃ꙋ. И҆ прини́кше поклони́шасѧ є҆мꙋ̀.
28 Y ellos respondieron: Bien va á tu siervo nuestro padre; aun vive. Y se inclinaron, é hicieron reverencia.
28 They said, “Your servant, our father, is well. He is still alive.” They bowed down humbly.
29 Воззрѣ́въ же ѻ҆чи́ма свои́ма і҆ѡ́сифъ, ви́дѣ венїамі́на бра́та своего̀ є҆динома́тернѧ и҆ речѐ: се́й ли є҆́сть бра́тъ ва́шъ ю҆нѣ́йшїй, є҆го́же реко́сте ко мнѣ̀ привестѝ; И҆ речѐ: бг҃ъ да поми́лꙋетъ тѧ̀, ча́до.
29 Y alzando él sus ojos vió á Benjamín su hermano, hijo de su madre, y dijo: ¿Es éste vuestro hermano menor, de quien me hablasteis? Y dijo: Dios tenga misericordia de ti, hijo mío.
29 He lifted up his eyes, and saw Benjamin, his brother, his mother’s son, and said, “Is this your youngest brother, of whom you spoke to me?” He said, “God be gracious to you, my son.”
30 Возмꙋти́сѧ же і҆ѡ́сифъ: подви́жесѧ бо ᲂу҆тро́ба є҆гѡ̀ ѡ҆ бра́тѣ свое́мъ, и҆ и҆ска́ше пла́кати: вше́дъ же въ ло́жницꙋ, пла́касѧ та́мѡ.
30 Entonces José se apresuró, porque se conmovieron sus entrañas á causa de su hermano, y procuró donde llorar: y entróse en su cámara, y lloró allí.
30 Joseph hurried, for his heart yearned over his brother; and he sought a place to weep. He entered into his room, and wept there.
31 И҆ ᲂу҆мы́въ лицѐ, и҆зше́дъ ᲂу҆держа́сѧ и҆ речѐ: предложи́те хлѣ́бы.
31 Y lavó su rostro, y salió fuera, y reprimióse, y dijo: Poned pan.
31 He washed his face, and came out. He controlled himself, and said, “Serve the meal.”
32 И҆ предложи́ша є҆мꙋ̀ є҆ди́номꙋ, и҆ ѡ҆́нымъ ѡ҆со́бнѡ, и҆ є҆гѵ́птѧнѡмъ, и҆̀же съ ни́мъ ꙗ҆дѧ́хꙋ, ѡ҆со́бнѡ: не можа́хꙋ бо є҆гѵ́птѧне ꙗ҆́сти хлѣ́ба со є҆врє́и: ме́рзость бо є҆́сть є҆гѵ́птѧнѡмъ (꙳всѧ́къ пастꙋ́хъ ѻ҆́вчїй).
32 Y pusieron para él aparte, y separadamente para ellos, y aparte para los Egipcios que con él comían: porque los Egipcios no pueden comer pan con los Hebreos, lo cual es abominación á los Egipcios.
32 They served him by himself, and them by themselves, and the Egyptians who ate with him by themselves, because the Egyptians don’t eat with the Hebrews, for that is an abomination to the Egyptians.
33 Сѣдо́ша же прѧ́мѡ є҆мꙋ̀ пе́рвенецъ по старѣ́йшинствꙋ своемꙋ̀ и҆ ме́ньшїй по ме́ньшествꙋ своемꙋ̀, и҆ дивлѧ́хꙋсѧ мꙋ́жїе кі́йждо ко бра́тꙋ своемꙋ̀:
33 Y sentáronse delante de él, el mayor conforme á su mayoría, y el menor conforme á su menoría; y estaban aquellos hombres atónitos [mirándose] el uno al otro.
33 They sat before him, the firstborn according to his birthright, and the youngest according to his youth, and the men marveled with one another.
34 и҆ взѧ́ша ча̑сти ѿ негѡ̀ къ себѣ̀: вѧ́щшаѧ же бы́сть ча́сть венїамі́нова па́че всѣ́хъ часте́й пѧтери́цею, не́же ѻ҆́ныхъ: пи́ша же и҆ ᲂу҆пи́шасѧ съ ни́мъ.
34 Y él tomó viandas de delante de sí para ellos; mas la porción de Benjamín era cinco veces como cualquiera de las de ellos. Y bebieron, y alegráronse con él.
34 He sent portions to them from before him, but Benjamin’s portion was five times as much as any of theirs. They drank, and were merry with him.
People & places in this chapter
From this site's family tree and Bible maps, only where those guides cite this chapter.
People
Joseph
Betrayed and enslaved, he rose to rule Egypt and saved his family from famine.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 37; 39–50
Cross references (27)
Related passages for each verse, from the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge as collected and ranked by readers at OpenBible.info.
- 1 Genesis 12:10; Genesis 42:5; Genesis 41:54–57; Ecclesiastes 9:1–2; Acts 7:11–13
- 2 1 Timothy 6:6–8; Proverbs 31:16; Genesis 43:20; Proverbs 16:18; Proverbs 15:16
- 3 Genesis 44:23; Genesis 43:5; 2 Samuel 3:13; 2 Samuel 14:32; Acts 20:25
- 5 Genesis 42:38; Genesis 44:26; Exodus 20:12
- 7 Genesis 43:3; Genesis 42:13; Genesis 43:27
- 8 Genesis 42:2; Deuteronomy 33:6; Genesis 42:38; Genesis 44:26; Genesis 50:21
- 9 Genesis 42:37; Hebrews 7:22; Philemon 18–19; Genesis 44:32–33; Genesis 31:39
- 10 Genesis 19:16
- 11 Genesis 37:25; Jeremiah 8:22; Proverbs 18:16; 1 Samuel 9:7; Ezekiel 27:17
- 12 Genesis 42:25; Genesis 42:35; Romans 12:17; Romans 13:8; Philippians 4:8
- 13 Genesis 42:38
- 14 Esther 4:16; Genesis 17:1; Acts 21:14; Nehemiah 1:11; Proverbs 16:7
- 16 Genesis 44:1; Genesis 43:19; Genesis 31:54; Genesis 39:4–5; Genesis 15:2
- 18 Genesis 42:35; Judges 14:4; Psalm 73:16; Job 15:21; Matthew 14:26–27
- 20 Genesis 42:3; Genesis 42:10; Genesis 43:3; Genesis 42:35; Genesis 43:7
- 21 Genesis 43:12; 1 Peter 3:16; Hebrews 13:5; Genesis 43:15; Romans 12:17
- 23 Genesis 42:24; John 20:26; John 14:27; Luke 24:36; John 20:21
- 24 Genesis 18:4; Genesis 24:32; Genesis 19:2; Luke 7:44; John 13:4–17
- 25 Genesis 43:11; Genesis 43:16
- 26 Philippians 2:10–11; Genesis 42:6; Genesis 27:29; Genesis 37:19–20; Psalm 72:9
- 27 Genesis 42:13; 1 Chronicles 18:10; Genesis 41:16; Judges 18:15; Genesis 37:14
- 28 Genesis 37:7; Genesis 43:26; Genesis 37:9–10; Exodus 18:7; 2 Samuel 1:2
- 29 Genesis 42:13; Numbers 6:25; Genesis 30:22–24; Mark 10:24; Malachi 1:9
- 30 Genesis 42:24; Jeremiah 31:20; Philippians 2:1; John 11:33–38; Genesis 45:14–15
- 31 Genesis 45:1; 1 Peter 3:10; Isaiah 42:14; Jeremiah 31:16
- 32 Exodus 8:26; Genesis 46:34; Genesis 43:16; Genesis 31:54
- 34 Genesis 45:22; 1 Samuel 1:5; 2 Samuel 11:8; John 2:10; Ecclesiastes 10:19
Cross references: OpenBible.info (CC BY), drawn mainly from the public-domain Treasury of Scripture Knowledge. · Sources & licences