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Exodus · Free Bible Version

Exodus 12 Free Bible Version

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  • Individual translator
  • OT: Masoretic Hebrew
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Audio: World English Bible (WEB), read by Winfred W. Henson · About the recordings

1 The Lord told Moses and Aaron while they were still in Egypt, 2 “This month will be for you the first month, the first month of your year. 3 Tell all the Israelites that on the tenth day of this month, every man must choose a lamb for his family, one for each household. 4 However, if the household is too small for a whole lamb, then he and his nearest neighbor may choose a lamb according to the total number of people. Divide up the lamb depending on what everybody can eat. 5 Your lamb must be a year-old male without any defects, and you can take it either from the sheep or the goats. 6 Keep it until the fourteenth day of the month, when all the Israelites will slaughter the animals after sunset and before it gets dark. 7 They are to take some of the blood and put it on the sides and tops of the doorframes of the houses where they have the meal. 8 They are to roast the meat over a fire and eat it that night, together with unleavened bread and bitter herbs. 9 You are not to eat the meat raw or boiled in water. All of it must be roasted over a fire, including the head, legs, and its insides. 10 Make sure nothing is left until the morning. If there is anything left over, burn it by morning. 11 This is how you are to eat the meal. You should be dressed ready to travel, with your sandals on your feet and your walking stick in your hand. You are to eat quickly—it is the Lord's Passover. 12 That very night I will go all through Egypt and kill every firstborn of both people and animals, and I will bring condemnation on all the gods of Egypt. I am the Lord. 13 The blood on the houses where you live will mark them out. When I see the blood, I will pass over you. No deathly plague will fall on you to destroy you when I attack Egypt. 14 This will be a day to remember for you. You are to celebrate it as a festival to the Lord for generations to come. You will observe this for all time to come. 15 For seven days you must eat only bread made without yeast. On the first day you are to get rid of the yeast from your houses. Anyone who eats anything with yeast from the first day to the seventh day must be excluded from the Israelite community. 16 On both the first day and on the seventh day you are to have a holy meeting. You must not work on those days, except to prepare food. That is all you are allowed to do. 17 You are to keep the Feast of Unleavened Bread because on this very day I led your tribes by their respective divisions out of Egypt. You are to observe this day for all time to come. 18 In the first month you are to eat bread without yeast from the evening of the fourteenth day until the evening of the twenty-first day. 19 For seven days there must be no yeast in your houses. If anyone eats something with yeast in it, then they must be excluded from the Israelite community, whether they are a foreigner or a native of the land. 20 You must not eat anything with yeast in it. Eat only bread without yeast in all your homes.” 21 Then Moses called together all the elders of Israel and told them, “Go immediately and choose a lamb for each of your families, and kill the Passover lamb. 22 Get a bunch of hyssop, dip it into the blood in the basin, and put some on the top and sides of the doorframe. None of you are to go out through door of the house until morning. 23 When the Lord passes through to punish the Egyptians, he will see the blood on the top and sides of the doorframe. He will pass over the door, and he will not allow the destroyer to enter your houses and kill you. 24 You and your descendants are to remember to observe these instructions for all time to come. 25 When you enter the land that the Lord promised to give you, you are to observe this ceremony. 26 When your children come and ask you, ‘Why is this ceremony important to you?’ 27 you are to tell them, ‘This is the Passover sacrifice to the Lord. He was the one who passed over the houses of the Israelites in Egypt when he killed the Egyptians but spared our households.’” The people bowed down in worship. 28 Then the Israelites went and did just as the Lord had told Moses and Aaron. 29 At midnight the Lord killed every firstborn male in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh, who sat on his throne, to the firstborn of the prisoner in the jail, and also all the firstborn of the livestock. 30 Pharaoh got up during the night, as well as all his officials and all the Egyptians. There were loud cries of agony throughout Egypt, because there wasn't a single house where someone hadn't died. 31 Pharaoh called for Moses and Aaron during the night and told them, “Get out of here! Leave my people, the two of you and the Israelites! Go, so you can worship the Lord as you have asked. 32 Take your flocks and herds as well, just like you've said, and leave! Oh, and bless me too.” 33 The Egyptians urged the Israelites to leave their country as quickly as possible, saying, “Otherwise we'll all die!” 34 So the Israelites picked up their dough before it had risen, and carried it on their shoulders in kneading bowls wrapped in clothing. 35 In addition, the Israelites did what Moses had told them and asked the Egyptians for objects of silver and gold, and for clothing. 36 The Lord had made the Egyptians look so favorably on the Israelites that they agreed to their request. In this way they took the wealth of the Egyptians. 37 The Israelites set out on foot from Rameses for Succoth and numbered about 600,000 men, as well as women and children. 38 In addition many foreigners joined them. They also took with them large herds and flocks of livestock. 39 Since their bread dough didn't have any yeast, the Israelites baked what they had brought out of Egypt into loaves without yeast. This was because when they were driven out of Egypt they had to leave in a hurry and didn't have time to prepare food for themselves. 40 The Israelites had lived in Egypt for 430 years. 41 On the very day the 430 years ended, all the tribes of the Lord by their respective divisions left Egypt. 42 Because the Lord kept watch that night to lead them out of the land of Egypt, this same night you are to keep watch as an observance to honor the Lord, and this to be kept by all Israelites for generations to come. 43 The Lord told Moses and Aaron, “This is the Passover ceremony. No foreigner is allowed to eat it. 44 But any slave who has been bought can eat it once you have circumcised him. 45 Foreign visitors or those hired from other nations shall not eat the Passover. 46 It has to be eaten inside the house. You are not allowed to take any of the meat outside the house, or to break any of the bones. 47 All Israelites are to celebrate it. 48 If there's a foreigner who lives with you and wants to celebrate the Lord's Passover, all the males in their household have to be circumcised. Then he may come and celebrate it, and he shall be treated like a native of the land. But no man who is not circumcised may eat it. 49 The same rule applies to both the native and the foreigner who lives among you.” 50 Then all the Israelites followed these instructions. They did exactly what the Lord had commanded Moses and Aaron. 51 That very day the Lord led the Israelite tribes out of Egypt by their respective tribal divisions.

People & places in this chapter

From this site's family tree and Bible maps, only where those guides cite this chapter.

People

  • Aaron

    First high priest

    Moses' brother and spokesman, Israel's first high priest.

    Cited in the guide: Exodus 4–40; Leviticus 8–10

  • Moses

    Deliverer and lawgiver

    Drawn from the Nile, he led Israel out of Egypt and received God's Law.

    Cited in the guide: Exodus 2–Deuteronomy 34

Cross references (48)

Related passages for each verse, from the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge as collected and ranked by readers at OpenBible.info.

  1. 2 Exodus 13:4; Deuteronomy 16:1; Exodus 34:18; Exodus 23:15; Leviticus 23:5
  2. 3 Leviticus 1:2; Leviticus 5:6; John 1:29; 1 Corinthians 5:7; Exodus 4:30
  3. 5 Hebrews 9:13–14; 1 Peter 1:18–19; Malachi 1:14; Malachi 1:7–8; Deuteronomy 17:1
  4. 6 Leviticus 23:5; Numbers 28:16; 2 Chronicles 30:15–18; Numbers 9:11; Exodus 12:18
  5. 7 Hebrews 11:28; Exodus 12:22–23; Hebrews 9:22; Ephesians 1:7; Hebrews 10:14
  6. 8 Exodus 34:25; Deuteronomy 16:7; Deuteronomy 16:3–4; 1 Corinthians 5:6–8; John 6:52–57
  7. 9 Exodus 12:8; Deuteronomy 16:7; Lamentations 1:13
  8. 10 Exodus 23:18; Exodus 34:25; Leviticus 22:30; Exodus 29:34; Deuteronomy 16:4–5
  9. 11 Exodus 12:27; Ephesians 6:15; 1 Peter 1:13; 1 Corinthians 5:7; Leviticus 23:5
  10. 12 Numbers 33:4; Psalm 82:6; Exodus 12:23; Zephaniah 2:11; Psalm 82:1
  11. 13 Hebrews 11:28; Exodus 12:23; 1 John 1:7; Genesis 17:11; Joshua 2:12
  12. 14 2 Kings 23:21; Exodus 12:17; Exodus 12:24; Exodus 13:9–10; 1 Corinthians 5:7–8
  13. 15 Genesis 17:14; Deuteronomy 16:3; Exodus 34:18; Exodus 23:15; Deuteronomy 16:8
  14. 16 Numbers 28:18; Leviticus 23:7–8; Numbers 28:25; Exodus 16:23; Exodus 35:2–3
  15. 17 Exodus 13:3; Exodus 7:5; Exodus 13:8; Exodus 12:41; Numbers 20:16
  16. 18 Exodus 12:15; Leviticus 23:5–8; Numbers 28:16–25; Exodus 12:1–2
  17. 19 Exodus 12:15; Deuteronomy 16:3; Exodus 23:15; Exodus 12:48; Exodus 34:18
  18. 21 Exodus 12:3; 2 Kings 23:21; Mark 14:12–16; Joshua 5:10; Ezra 6:20
  19. 22 Hebrews 11:28; Psalm 51:7; Exodus 12:7; Numbers 19:18; Hebrews 9:14
  20. 23 Revelation 7:3; Revelation 9:4; Hebrews 11:28; Exodus 12:12–13; 1 Corinthians 10:10
  21. 24 Exodus 12:14; Genesis 17:8–10
  22. 25 Exodus 3:17; Exodus 3:8; Psalm 105:44–45; Deuteronomy 4:5; Deuteronomy 12:8–9
  23. 26 Exodus 13:14–15; Deuteronomy 32:7; Psalm 145:4; Psalm 78:3–6; Joshua 4:21–24
  24. 27 Exodus 4:31; Exodus 12:11; Exodus 12:23; 1 Corinthians 5:7; 1 Chronicles 29:20
  25. 28 Hebrews 11:28
  26. 29 Psalm 78:51; Exodus 4:23; Psalm 105:36; Psalm 135:8; Psalm 136:10
  27. 30 Exodus 11:6; Amos 5:17; James 2:13; Matthew 25:6; Proverbs 21:13
  28. 31 Exodus 6:1; Exodus 10:9; Exodus 3:19–20; Exodus 8:8; Psalm 105:38
  29. 32 Exodus 10:26; Genesis 27:34; Genesis 27:38; Exodus 10:9; Exodus 9:28
  30. 33 Psalm 105:38; Exodus 11:1; Genesis 20:3; Numbers 17:12–13
  31. 34 Exodus 8:3
  32. 35 Exodus 3:21–22; Exodus 11:2–3; Psalm 105:37; Genesis 15:14
  33. 36 Genesis 15:14; Acts 7:10; Exodus 11:3; Exodus 3:21–22; Psalm 105:37
  34. 37 Numbers 1:46; Exodus 38:26; Numbers 33:5; Numbers 33:3; Numbers 11:21
  35. 38 Numbers 11:4; Zechariah 8:23
  36. 39 Exodus 6:1; Exodus 11:1; Exodus 12:31–33
  37. 40 Genesis 15:13; Acts 7:6; Acts 13:17; Genesis 12:1–3; Galatians 3:16–17
  38. 41 Habakkuk 2:3; John 7:8; Exodus 7:4; Acts 1:7; Joshua 5:14
  39. 42 Exodus 12:14; Deuteronomy 16:1–6; Exodus 13:10
  40. 43 Exodus 12:48; Numbers 9:14; Exodus 12:11; Leviticus 22:10; Ephesians 2:12
  41. 44 Genesis 17:12–13; Genesis 17:23
  42. 45 Leviticus 22:10; Ephesians 2:12
  43. 46 John 19:36; Numbers 9:12; John 19:33; Ephesians 2:19–22; Psalm 34:20
  44. 47 Exodus 12:6; Numbers 9:13; Exodus 12:3
  45. 48 Numbers 9:14; Colossians 3:11; Numbers 15:15–16; Galatians 3:28; Ezekiel 47:22
  46. 49 Numbers 15:15–16; Numbers 15:29; Numbers 9:14; Leviticus 24:22; Galatians 3:28
  47. 50 Matthew 7:24–25; Exodus 6:26; Matthew 28:20; John 15:14; Exodus 7:4
  48. 51 Exodus 12:41; Exodus 6:26

Cross references: OpenBible.info (CC BY), drawn mainly from the public-domain Treasury of Scripture Knowledge. · Sources & licences

What the Fathers said

Passages from the Church Fathers that expound or quote this chapter, verbatim from the public-domain Schaff edition (19th-century English translations).

How these were chosen

“Commentary” is the opening of a homily or exposition on this chapter (John Chrysostom’s homilies, Augustine’s tractates, sermons and expositions of the Psalms). “Quotes” are sentences where the edition’s own footnotes identify a quotation of a verse here, kept only when the wording matches the verse. Only works whose authorship is not in doubt are used. Psalms follow the Hebrew/English numbering (Augustine numbers them as the Septuagint does: his Psalm 50 is Psalm 51 here).

  1. Quotes verse 12:37 Augustine of Hippo, The City of God (Book XV, Chapters 8–9)

    … fact that from one man, Abraham, in not much more than four hundred years, the numbers of the Hebrew race so increased, that in the exodus of that people from Egypt there are recorded to have been six hundred thousand men capable of bearing arms, and this over and above the Idumæans, who, though not numbered with Israel's descendants, were …

    Read in context · Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, series 1, vol. 2 (1887)

  2. Quotes verse 12:38 John Chrysostom, Homilies on the Gospel of Matthew (Homily IV)

    … for the aliens' sake, to increase the number of the proselytes; and for manifestation of God's power, if haply their enemies having taken them captives, fancied they prevailed, because their own gods were mighty: like as in Egypt, out of which no small "mixed multitude" went up; and, after that, in Babylon, what befell touching the furnace and the dreams.

    Read in context · Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, series 1, vol. 10 (1888)

  3. Quotes verse 12:22 Augustine of Hippo, On Christian Doctrine (Book II, Chapters 40–42)

    Let them remember, then, that those who celebrated the passover at that time in type and shadow, when they were ordered to mark their door-posts with the blood of the lamb, used hyssop to mark them with. Now this is a meek and lowly herb, and yet nothing is stronger and more penetrating than its roots; that being rooted and …

    Read in context · Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, series 1, vol. 2 (1887)

  4. Quotes verse 12:16 John Chrysostom, Homilies on the Gospel of Matthew (Homily XXXIX)

    … He Himself, in the very act of giving the law of the Sabbath, did even therein darkly signify that He will have them refrain from the evil works only, by the saying, "Ye must do no work, except what shall be done for your life." And in the temple too all went on, and with more diligence and double toil.

    Read in context · Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, series 1, vol. 10 (1888)

  5. Quotes verse 12:23 Augustine of Hippo, Tractates on the Gospel of John (Chapter XIII — 1-5)

    … a sheep to the slaughter, that by His blood sprinkled on our doorposts, that is, by the sign of His cross marked on our foreheads, we may be delivered from the perdition awaiting this world, as Israel from the bondage and destruction of the Egyptians; and a most salutary transit we make when we pass over from the devil to …

    Read in context · Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, series 1, vol. 7 (1888)