1 The Lord told Moses and Aaron while they were still in Egypt, 2 “This month will be for you the first month, the first month of your year. 3 Tell all the Israelites that on the tenth day of this month, every man must choose a lamb for his family, one for each household. 4 However, if the household is too small for a whole lamb, then he and his nearest neighbor may choose a lamb according to the total number of people. Divide up the lamb depending on what everybody can eat. 5 Your lamb must be a year-old male without any defects, and you can take it either from the sheep or the goats. 6 Keep it until the fourteenth day of the month, when all the Israelites will slaughter the animals after sunset and before it gets dark. 7 They are to take some of the blood and put it on the sides and tops of the doorframes of the houses where they have the meal. 8 They are to roast the meat over a fire and eat it that night, together with unleavened bread and bitter herbs. 9 You are not to eat the meat raw or boiled in water. All of it must be roasted over a fire, including the head, legs, and its insides. 10 Make sure nothing is left until the morning. If there is anything left over, burn it by morning. 11 This is how you are to eat the meal. You should be dressed ready to travel, with your sandals on your feet and your walking stick in your hand. You are to eat quickly—it is the Lord's Passover. 12 That very night I will go all through Egypt and kill every firstborn of both people and animals, and I will bring condemnation on all the gods of Egypt. I am the Lord. 13 The blood on the houses where you live will mark them out. When I see the blood, I will pass over you. No deathly plague will fall on you to destroy you when I attack Egypt. 14 This will be a day to remember for you. You are to celebrate it as a festival to the Lord for generations to come. You will observe this for all time to come. 15 For seven days you must eat only bread made without yeast. On the first day you are to get rid of the yeast from your houses. Anyone who eats anything with yeast from the first day to the seventh day must be excluded from the Israelite community. 16 On both the first day and on the seventh day you are to have a holy meeting. You must not work on those days, except to prepare food. That is all you are allowed to do. 17 You are to keep the Feast of Unleavened Bread because on this very day I led your tribes by their respective divisions out of Egypt. You are to observe this day for all time to come. 18 In the first month you are to eat bread without yeast from the evening of the fourteenth day until the evening of the twenty-first day. 19 For seven days there must be no yeast in your houses. If anyone eats something with yeast in it, then they must be excluded from the Israelite community, whether they are a foreigner or a native of the land. 20 You must not eat anything with yeast in it. Eat only bread without yeast in all your homes.” 21 Then Moses called together all the elders of Israel and told them, “Go immediately and choose a lamb for each of your families, and kill the Passover lamb. 22 Get a bunch of hyssop, dip it into the blood in the basin, and put some on the top and sides of the doorframe. None of you are to go out through door of the house until morning. 23 When the Lord passes through to punish the Egyptians, he will see the blood on the top and sides of the doorframe. He will pass over the door, and he will not allow the destroyer to enter your houses and kill you. 24 You and your descendants are to remember to observe these instructions for all time to come. 25 When you enter the land that the Lord promised to give you, you are to observe this ceremony. 26 When your children come and ask you, ‘Why is this ceremony important to you?’ 27 you are to tell them, ‘This is the Passover sacrifice to the Lord. He was the one who passed over the houses of the Israelites in Egypt when he killed the Egyptians but spared our households.’” The people bowed down in worship. 28 Then the Israelites went and did just as the Lord had told Moses and Aaron. 29 At midnight the Lord killed every firstborn male in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh, who sat on his throne, to the firstborn of the prisoner in the jail, and also all the firstborn of the livestock. 30 Pharaoh got up during the night, as well as all his officials and all the Egyptians. There were loud cries of agony throughout Egypt, because there wasn't a single house where someone hadn't died. 31 Pharaoh called for Moses and Aaron during the night and told them, “Get out of here! Leave my people, the two of you and the Israelites! Go, so you can worship the Lord as you have asked. 32 Take your flocks and herds as well, just like you've said, and leave! Oh, and bless me too.” 33 The Egyptians urged the Israelites to leave their country as quickly as possible, saying, “Otherwise we'll all die!” 34 So the Israelites picked up their dough before it had risen, and carried it on their shoulders in kneading bowls wrapped in clothing. 35 In addition, the Israelites did what Moses had told them and asked the Egyptians for objects of silver and gold, and for clothing. 36 The Lord had made the Egyptians look so favorably on the Israelites that they agreed to their request. In this way they took the wealth of the Egyptians. 37 The Israelites set out on foot from Rameses for Succoth and numbered about 600,000 men, as well as women and children. 38 In addition many foreigners joined them. They also took with them large herds and flocks of livestock. 39 Since their bread dough didn't have any yeast, the Israelites baked what they had brought out of Egypt into loaves without yeast. This was because when they were driven out of Egypt they had to leave in a hurry and didn't have time to prepare food for themselves. 40 The Israelites had lived in Egypt for 430 years. 41 On the very day the 430 years ended, all the tribes of the Lord by their respective divisions left Egypt. 42 Because the Lord kept watch that night to lead them out of the land of Egypt, this same night you are to keep watch as an observance to honor the Lord, and this to be kept by all Israelites for generations to come. 43 The Lord told Moses and Aaron, “This is the Passover ceremony. No foreigner is allowed to eat it. 44 But any slave who has been bought can eat it once you have circumcised him. 45 Foreign visitors or those hired from other nations shall not eat the Passover. 46 It has to be eaten inside the house. You are not allowed to take any of the meat outside the house, or to break any of the bones. 47 All Israelites are to celebrate it. 48 If there's a foreigner who lives with you and wants to celebrate the Lord's Passover, all the males in their household have to be circumcised. Then he may come and celebrate it, and he shall be treated like a native of the land. But no man who is not circumcised may eat it. 49 The same rule applies to both the native and the foreigner who lives among you.” 50 Then all the Israelites followed these instructions. They did exactly what the Lord had commanded Moses and Aaron. 51 That very day the Lord led the Israelite tribes out of Egypt by their respective tribal divisions.
Éxodo · Free Bible Version (Versión Biblia Libre en inglés)
Éxodo 12 Free Bible Version (Versión Biblia Libre en inglés)
Audio: World English Bible (WEB), en inglés, leído por Winfred W. Henson · Sobre las grabaciones
Personas y lugares de este capítulo
Del árbol genealógico y los mapas bíblicos de este sitio (en inglés), solo donde esas guías citan este capítulo.
Personas
Aaron
Moses' brother and spokesman, Israel's first high priest.
Citado en la guía: Exodus 4–40; Leviticus 8–10
Moses
Drawn from the Nile, he led Israel out of Egypt and received God's Law.
Citado en la guía: Exodus 2–Deuteronomy 34
Referencias cruzadas (48)
Pasajes relacionados con cada versículo, del Treasury of Scripture Knowledge, tal como los reúnen y ordenan los lectores de OpenBible.info.
- 2 Éxodo 13:4; Deuteronomio 16:1; Éxodo 34:18; Éxodo 23:15; Levítico 23:5
- 3 Levítico 1:2; Levítico 5:6; Juan 1:29; 1 Corintios 5:7; Éxodo 4:30
- 5 Hebreos 9:13–14; 1 Pedro 1:18–19; Malaquías 1:14; Malaquías 1:7–8; Deuteronomio 17:1
- 6 Levítico 23:5; Números 28:16; 2 Crónicas 30:15–18; Números 9:11; Éxodo 12:18
- 7 Hebreos 11:28; Éxodo 12:22–23; Hebreos 9:22; Efesios 1:7; Hebreos 10:14
- 8 Éxodo 34:25; Deuteronomio 16:7; Deuteronomio 16:3–4; 1 Corintios 5:6–8; Juan 6:52–57
- 9 Éxodo 12:8; Deuteronomio 16:7; Lamentaciones 1:13
- 10 Éxodo 23:18; Éxodo 34:25; Levítico 22:30; Éxodo 29:34; Deuteronomio 16:4–5
- 11 Éxodo 12:27; Efesios 6:15; 1 Pedro 1:13; 1 Corintios 5:7; Levítico 23:5
- 12 Números 33:4; Salmo 82:6; Éxodo 12:23; Sofonías 2:11; Salmo 82:1
- 13 Hebreos 11:28; Éxodo 12:23; 1 Juan 1:7; Génesis 17:11; Josué 2:12
- 14 2 Reyes 23:21; Éxodo 12:17; Éxodo 12:24; Éxodo 13:9–10; 1 Corintios 5:7–8
- 15 Génesis 17:14; Deuteronomio 16:3; Éxodo 34:18; Éxodo 23:15; Deuteronomio 16:8
- 16 Números 28:18; Levítico 23:7–8; Números 28:25; Éxodo 16:23; Éxodo 35:2–3
- 17 Éxodo 13:3; Éxodo 7:5; Éxodo 13:8; Éxodo 12:41; Números 20:16
- 18 Éxodo 12:15; Levítico 23:5–8; Números 28:16–25; Éxodo 12:1–2
- 19 Éxodo 12:15; Deuteronomio 16:3; Éxodo 23:15; Éxodo 12:48; Éxodo 34:18
- 21 Éxodo 12:3; 2 Reyes 23:21; Marcos 14:12–16; Josué 5:10; Esdras 6:20
- 22 Hebreos 11:28; Salmo 51:7; Éxodo 12:7; Números 19:18; Hebreos 9:14
- 23 Apocalipsis 7:3; Apocalipsis 9:4; Hebreos 11:28; Éxodo 12:12–13; 1 Corintios 10:10
- 24 Éxodo 12:14; Génesis 17:8–10
- 25 Éxodo 3:17; Éxodo 3:8; Salmo 105:44–45; Deuteronomio 4:5; Deuteronomio 12:8–9
- 26 Éxodo 13:14–15; Deuteronomio 32:7; Salmo 145:4; Salmo 78:3–6; Josué 4:21–24
- 27 Éxodo 4:31; Éxodo 12:11; Éxodo 12:23; 1 Corintios 5:7; 1 Crónicas 29:20
- 28 Hebreos 11:28
- 29 Salmo 78:51; Éxodo 4:23; Salmo 105:36; Salmo 135:8; Salmo 136:10
- 30 Éxodo 11:6; Amós 5:17; Santiago 2:13; Mateo 25:6; Proverbios 21:13
- 31 Éxodo 6:1; Éxodo 10:9; Éxodo 3:19–20; Éxodo 8:8; Salmo 105:38
- 32 Éxodo 10:26; Génesis 27:34; Génesis 27:38; Éxodo 10:9; Éxodo 9:28
- 33 Salmo 105:38; Éxodo 11:1; Génesis 20:3; Números 17:12–13
- 34 Éxodo 8:3
- 35 Éxodo 3:21–22; Éxodo 11:2–3; Salmo 105:37; Génesis 15:14
- 36 Génesis 15:14; Hechos 7:10; Éxodo 11:3; Éxodo 3:21–22; Salmo 105:37
- 37 Números 1:46; Éxodo 38:26; Números 33:5; Números 33:3; Números 11:21
- 38 Números 11:4; Zacarías 8:23
- 39 Éxodo 6:1; Éxodo 11:1; Éxodo 12:31–33
- 40 Génesis 15:13; Hechos 7:6; Hechos 13:17; Génesis 12:1–3; Gálatas 3:16–17
- 41 Habacuc 2:3; Juan 7:8; Éxodo 7:4; Hechos 1:7; Josué 5:14
- 42 Éxodo 12:14; Deuteronomio 16:1–6; Éxodo 13:10
- 43 Éxodo 12:48; Números 9:14; Éxodo 12:11; Levítico 22:10; Efesios 2:12
- 44 Génesis 17:12–13; Génesis 17:23
- 45 Levítico 22:10; Efesios 2:12
- 46 Juan 19:36; Números 9:12; Juan 19:33; Efesios 2:19–22; Salmo 34:20
- 47 Éxodo 12:6; Números 9:13; Éxodo 12:3
- 48 Números 9:14; Colosenses 3:11; Números 15:15–16; Gálatas 3:28; Ezequiel 47:22
- 49 Números 15:15–16; Números 15:29; Números 9:14; Levítico 24:22; Gálatas 3:28
- 50 Mateo 7:24–25; Éxodo 6:26; Mateo 28:20; Juan 15:14; Éxodo 7:4
- 51 Éxodo 12:41; Éxodo 6:26
Referencias cruzadas: OpenBible.info (CC BY), tomadas sobre todo del Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (dominio público). · Fuentes y licencias
Lo que dijeron los Padres
Pasajes de los Padres de la Iglesia que comentan o citan este capítulo, tal como aparecen en la edición de Schaff (traducciones inglesas del siglo XIX, de dominio público). Los textos están en inglés.
Cómo se eligieron
«Comentario» es el comienzo de una homilía o exposición sobre este capítulo (homilías de san Juan Crisóstomo; tratados, sermones y comentarios a los Salmos de san Agustín). «Cita» es una frase en la que las notas de la propia edición identifican la cita de un versículo de este capítulo; solo se conserva si el texto coincide con el versículo. Solo se usan obras de autoría segura. Los Salmos siguen la numeración hebrea (Agustín usa la de los Setenta: su Salmo 50 es aquí el 51).
… fact that from one man, Abraham, in not much more than four hundred years, the numbers of the Hebrew race so increased, that in the exodus of that people from Egypt there are recorded to have been six hundred thousand men capable of bearing arms, and this over and above the Idumæans, who, though not numbered with Israel's descendants, were …
Leer en contexto · Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, series 1, vol. 2 (1887)
… for the aliens' sake, to increase the number of the proselytes; and for manifestation of God's power, if haply their enemies having taken them captives, fancied they prevailed, because their own gods were mighty: like as in Egypt, out of which no small "mixed multitude" went up; and, after that, in Babylon, what befell touching the furnace and the dreams.
Leer en contexto · Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, series 1, vol. 10 (1888)
Let them remember, then, that those who celebrated the passover at that time in type and shadow, when they were ordered to mark their door-posts with the blood of the lamb, used hyssop to mark them with. Now this is a meek and lowly herb, and yet nothing is stronger and more penetrating than its roots; that being rooted and …
Leer en contexto · Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, series 1, vol. 2 (1887)
… He Himself, in the very act of giving the law of the Sabbath, did even therein darkly signify that He will have them refrain from the evil works only, by the saying, "Ye must do no work, except what shall be done for your life." And in the temple too all went on, and with more diligence and double toil.
Leer en contexto · Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, series 1, vol. 10 (1888)
… a sheep to the slaughter, that by His blood sprinkled on our doorposts, that is, by the sign of His cross marked on our foreheads, we may be delivered from the perdition awaiting this world, as Israel from the bondage and destruction of the Egyptians; and a most salutary transit we make when we pass over from the devil to …
Leer en contexto · Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, series 1, vol. 7 (1888)