1 The tribes of Reuben and Gad had large numbers of livestock and saw that the land of Jazer and Gilead was a good place to rear them. 2 So they came to Moses, Eleazar the priest, and the Israelite leaders and said, 3 “The towns of Ataroth, Dibon, Jazer, Nimrah, Heshbon, Elealeh, Sebam, Nebo, and Beon, 4 which the Lord conquered in full view of the Israelites, are well-suited for the livestock that we your servants own.” 5 They continued, “Please respond to our request favorably: give us this land. Don't make us cross the Jordan.” 6 In reply Moses asked the tribes of Gad and Reuben, “Are you expecting your brothers to go and fight while you just sit here? 7 Why discourage the Israelites from crossing into the country that the Lord has given them? 8 This is just what your fathers did when I sent them out from Kadesh-barnea to explore the land. 9 After your fathers traveled up the valley of Eshcol and explored the land, they discouraged the Israelites, persuading them not to enter the country that the Lord had given them. 10 As a result, they made the Lord very angry that day, and he swore this oath, 11 ‘Not a single one of those I saved from Egypt who is twenty years old or older will ever see the land I promised with an oath to give to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, because they were not completely committed to me— 12 no one except Caleb, son of Jephunneh, the Kenizzite, and Joshua, son of Nun, because they were completely committed to me.’ 13 The Lord was angry with Israel, and made them wander around in the desert for forty years, until the whole generation who had done evil in his sight had died. 14 Now look at you, you brood of sinners who have come to take your fathers' place to make the Lord even angrier with Israel! 15 If you give up following him, he will abandon these people in the desert once again, and their deaths will be your fault!” 16 Then the tribes of Gad and Reuben came to Moses and told him, “We would plan to build stone walls to keep our livestock safe and towns for our children. 17 But we will still get ourselves ready for battle, and we will be prepared to lead the Israelites until they can safely occupy their land. In the meantime, our children will stay behind, living in the fortified towns to protect them from the local people. 18 We won't return to our homes until every Israelite is in possession of their allotted land. 19 However, we won't own any land on the other side of the Jordan because we've received this land to own on this eastern side of the Jordan.” 20 Moses responded, “If this is what you will actually do, if you will get yourselves ready for battle under the Lord's direction, 21 and if all your troops cross the Jordan with the Lord until he has driven out his enemies ahead of him, 22 then once the country is conquered with the Lord's help then you may return, and you will have fulfilled your obligations to the Lord and to Israel. You will own this land, granted to you by the Lord. 23 But if you fail to do this, you will clearly be sinning against the Lord, and the consequences of your sin will catch up with you. 24 Go ahead and build towns for your children and stone walls for your flocks, but make sure you do what you've promised!” 25 The tribes of Gad and Reuben promised Moses, “Sir, we your servants will do just as you have ordered. 26 Our wives and children, our livestock and all our animals, will all remain here in the towns of Gilead. 27 But we your servants are ready for battle, and all our troops will cross over to fight with the Lord's help, just as you have said, sir.” 28 Moses gave the following instructions about them to Eleazar the priest, to Joshua, son of Nun, and to the family leaders of the tribes of Israel. 29 Moses told them, “If the tribes of Gad and Reuben cross the Jordan with you, with all their troops ready for battle with the Lord's help, and the land is conquered as you advance, then give them the land of Gilead to own. 30 But if they don't get themselves ready for battle and cross over with you, then they must accept their allotted land among you in the country of Canaan.” 31 The tribes of Gad and Reuben responded, “We will do just as the Lord has told us, your servants. 32 We will cross over and enter the country of Canaan ready for battle with the Lord's help, so that we may have our allotted share of land on this side of the Jordan.” 33 So Moses gave to the tribes of Gad and Reuben and the half-tribe of Manasseh, son of Joseph, the kingdom of Sihon, king of the Amorites, and the kingdom of Og, king of Bashan. This land included its towns and their surrounding area. 34 The people of Gad rebuilt Dibon, Ataroth, Aroer, 35 Atroth-shophan, Jazer, Jogbehah, 36 Beth-nimrah, and Beth-haran as fortified towns, and they built stone walls for their flocks. 37 The people of Reuben rebuilt Heshbon, Elealeh, Kiriathaim, 38 as well as Nebo and Baal-meon (changing their names), and Sibmah. In fact they renamed those towns they rebuilt. 39 The descendants of Machir, son of Manasseh, attacked Gilead and captured it. They drove out the Amorites who were living there. 40 So Moses gave Gilead to the family of Machir, son of Manasseh, and they settled there. 41 Jair, a descendant of Manasseh, attacked their villages and captured them. He named them the Villages of Jair. 42 Nobah attacked Kenath and captured it, along with its villages. He named it Nobah after himself.
Numbers 32 Free Bible Version
Audio: World English Bible (WEB), read by Winfred W. Henson · About the recordings
People & places in this chapter
From this site's family tree and Bible maps, only where those guides cite this chapter.
People
Jair
Son of Segub and grandson of Hezron by Machir's daughter, counted among Manasseh's descendants; he captured the villages of Gilead that were called Havvoth-jair after him.
Cited in the guide: Numbers 32:41; Deuteronomy 3:14; Joshua 13:30
Jephunneh
The father of Caleb, the faithful spy of the tribe of Judah, called a Kenizzite in Numbers 32:12.
Cited in the guide: Numbers 13:6; Numbers 14:6; Numbers 32:12
Machir
Manasseh's son, whose own sons were brought up on Joseph's knees, called the father of Gilead; his descendants captured Gilead and Moses gave it to his clan.
Cited in the guide: Genesis 50:23; Numbers 26:29; Numbers 32:39–40
Moses
Drawn from the Nile, he led Israel out of Egypt and received God's Law.
Cited in the guide: Exodus 2–Deuteronomy 34
Nobah
A man who captured Kenath and its villages during the conquest of Gilead and called it Nobah after his own name.
Cited in the guide: Numbers 32:42
Cross references (37)
Related passages for each verse, from the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge as collected and ranked by readers at OpenBible.info.
- 1 Numbers 21:32; Genesis 13:2; Genesis 13:10–11; Numbers 32:3; Numbers 32:35
- 3 Isaiah 16:8–9; Numbers 32:34–38; Joshua 13:17; Jeremiah 48:34; Jeremiah 48:22–23
- 4 Numbers 21:34; Numbers 21:24; Deuteronomy 2:24–35
- 5 Joshua 7:7; 1 Samuel 20:3; Deuteronomy 1:37; Deuteronomy 3:25–26; Jeremiah 31:2
- 6 1 Corinthians 13:5; Philippians 2:4; 2 Samuel 11:11
- 7 Numbers 13:27–14:4; Deuteronomy 1:28; Numbers 32:9; Numbers 21:4; Acts 21:13
- 8 Numbers 13:2–26; Numbers 14:2; Joshua 14:6–7; Deuteronomy 1:19–25
- 9 Deuteronomy 1:24–28; Numbers 13:23–14:10
- 10 Numbers 14:11; Numbers 14:23; Numbers 14:29; Ezekiel 20:15; Psalm 95:11
- 11 Numbers 14:28–30; Numbers 14:24; Numbers 26:2; Joshua 14:8–9; Deuteronomy 1:35
- 12 Deuteronomy 1:36; Numbers 14:30; Numbers 14:24; Joshua 14:8–9; Numbers 26:65
- 13 1 Corinthians 10:5; Hebrews 3:16–19; Numbers 14:33–35; Deuteronomy 2:14–15; Numbers 26:64–65
- 14 Matthew 23:31–33; Luke 11:48; Acts 7:51–52; Ezra 10:10; Deuteronomy 1:34–35
- 15 2 Chronicles 15:2; 1 Corinthians 8:11–12; Romans 14:15; Deuteronomy 28:15–68; Romans 14:20–21
- 16 Genesis 33:17; Numbers 34:22
- 17 Joshua 4:12–13; Deuteronomy 3:18–20; Numbers 32:29–32
- 18 Joshua 22:1–5
- 19 Joshua 13:8; 1 Chronicles 5:25–26; Genesis 13:10–12; Proverbs 20:21; Numbers 32:32–33
- 20 Joshua 4:12–13; Deuteronomy 3:18–20; Joshua 1:13–15; Joshua 22:2–4
- 22 Joshua 22:4; Joshua 22:9; Deuteronomy 3:20; Joshua 1:15; Joshua 13:8
- 23 Isaiah 59:12; Proverbs 13:21; Genesis 44:16; Psalm 90:8; Genesis 4:7
- 24 Numbers 32:16; Numbers 30:2; Numbers 32:34–42
- 25 Joshua 1:13–14
- 26 Joshua 1:14
- 27 Joshua 4:12; Numbers 36:2; 2 Timothy 4:7–8; Numbers 11:28; Ephesians 6:10–18
- 28 Joshua 1:13
- 30 Joshua 22:19
- 33 Joshua 12:6; Deuteronomy 29:8; Deuteronomy 3:12–17; Joshua 22:4; Psalm 135:10–11
- 34 Deuteronomy 2:36; Numbers 32:3; Isaiah 17:2; Numbers 33:45–46; Numbers 21:20
- 35 Numbers 32:3; Numbers 32:1
- 36 Numbers 32:3
- 37 Numbers 21:27; Numbers 32:3; Isaiah 15:4
- 38 Isaiah 46:1; Numbers 32:3; Joshua 23:7; Exodus 23:13; Numbers 22:41
- 39 Genesis 50:23; Numbers 26:29; Joshua 17:1
- 40 Joshua 17:1; Deuteronomy 3:13–15; Joshua 13:29–31
- 41 Deuteronomy 3:14; Judges 10:4; Joshua 13:30; 1 Kings 4:13; 1 Chronicles 2:21–23
- 42 Psalm 49:11; 2 Samuel 18:18
Cross references: OpenBible.info (CC BY), drawn mainly from the public-domain Treasury of Scripture Knowledge. · Sources & licences
What the Fathers said
Passages from the Church Fathers that expound or quote this chapter, verbatim from the public-domain Schaff edition (19th-century English translations).
How these were chosen
“Commentary” is the opening of a homily or exposition on this chapter (John Chrysostom’s homilies, Augustine’s tractates, sermons and expositions of the Psalms). “Quotes” are sentences where the edition’s own footnotes identify a quotation of a verse here, kept only when the wording matches the verse. Only works whose authorship is not in doubt are used. Psalms follow the Hebrew/English numbering (Augustine numbers them as the Septuagint does: his Psalm 50 is Psalm 51 here).
Forty years also did the people wander in the wilderness. Forty days the waters of the flood lasted.
Read in context · Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, series 1, vol. 6 (1888)