1 And YHWH speaks to Moses and to Aaron in the land of Egypt, saying, 2 “This month [is] the chief of months to you—it [is] the first of the months of the year to you; 3 speak to all the congregation of Israel, saying, In the tenth of this month they take to themselves, each man, a lamb for the house of the fathers, a lamb for a house. 4 And if the household is too few for a lamb, then he has taken, he and his neighbor who is near to his house, for the number of persons, each according to his eating you count for the lamb. 5 A lamb, a perfect one, a male, a son of a year, let [it] be to you; you take [it] from the sheep or from the goats. 6 And it has become a charge to you, until the fourteenth day of this month, and the whole assembly of the congregation of Israel has slaughtered it between the evenings; 7 and they have taken of the blood, and have put [it] on the two doorposts, and on the lintel over the houses in which they eat it. 8 And they have eaten the flesh in this night, a roast with fire; they eat it with unleavened things and bitters; 9 you do not eat of it raw, or boiled in water at all, but a roast with fire, its head with its legs, and with its innards; 10 and you do not leave of it until morning, and that which is remaining of it until morning you burn with fire. 11 And thus you eat it: your loins girded, your sandals on your feet, and your staff in your hand, and you have eaten it in haste; it is YHWH’s Passover, 12 and I have passed over through the land of Egypt during this night, and have struck every firstborn in the land of Egypt, from man even to beast, and I do judgments on all the gods of Egypt; I [am] YHWH. 13 And the blood has become a sign for you on the houses where you [are], and I have seen the blood, and have passed over you, and a plague is not on you for destruction in My striking in the land of Egypt. 14 And this day has become a memorial to you, and you have kept it [for] a celebration to YHWH throughout your generations—a continuous statute; you keep it [for] a celebration. 15 Seven days you eat unleavened things; only—in the first day you cause leaven to cease out of your houses; for anyone eating anything fermented from the first day until the seventh day, indeed, that person has been cut off from Israel. 16 And in the first day [is] a holy convocation, and in the seventh day you have a holy convocation; any work is not done in them, only that which is eaten by any person—it alone is done by you, 17 and you have observed the Unleavened Things, for in this very day I have brought out your hosts from the land of Egypt, and you have observed this day throughout your generations—a continuous statute. 18 In the first [month], on the fourteenth day of the month, in the evening, you eat unleavened things until the twenty-first day of the month, at evening; 19 seven days leaven is not found in your houses, for anyone eating anything fermented—that person has been cut off from the congregation of Israel, among the sojourners or among the natives of the land; 20 you do not eat anything fermented—in all your dwellings you eat [only] unleavened things.” 21 And Moses calls for all [the] elderly of Israel and says to them, “Draw out and take for yourselves [from] the flock, for your families, and slaughter the Passover-sacrifice; 22 and you have taken a bunch of hyssop, and have dipped [it] in the blood which [is] in the basin, and have struck [it] on the lintel, and on the two doorposts, from the blood which [is] in the basin, and you, you do not go out—each from the opening of his house—until morning. 23 And YHWH has passed on to strike the Egyptians, and has seen the blood on the lintel, and on the two doorposts, and YHWH has passed over the opening, and does not permit the destruction to come into your houses to strike. 24 And you have observed this thing for a statute to you and to your sons for all time; 25 and it has been, when you come to the land which YHWH gives to you as He has spoken, that you have kept this service; 26 and it has come to pass, when your sons say to you, What [is] this service you have? 27 That you have said, It [is] a sacrifice of Passover to YHWH, who passed over the houses of the sons of Israel in Egypt, in His striking the Egyptians, and our houses He delivered.” 28 And the people bow and pay respect, and the sons of Israel go and do as YHWH commanded Moses and Aaron; so they have done. 29 And it comes to pass, at midnight, that YHWH has struck every firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who is sitting on his throne, to the firstborn of the captive who [is] in the prison-house, and every firstborn of beasts. 30 And Pharaoh rises by night, he and all his servants, and all the Egyptians, and there is a great cry in Egypt, for there is not a house where there is not [one] dead, 31 and he calls for Moses and for Aaron by night and says, “Rise, go out from the midst of my people, both you and the sons of Israel, and go, serve YHWH according to your word; 32 take both your flock and your herd as you have spoken, and go; then you have also blessed me.” 33 And the Egyptians are urgent on the people, hastening to send them away out of the land, for they said, “We are all dead”; 34 and the people take up their dough before it is fermented, their kneading-troughs [are] bound up in their garments on their shoulder. 35 And the sons of Israel have done according to the word of Moses, and they ask for vessels of silver and vessels of gold, and garments, from the Egyptians; 36 and YHWH has given the grace of the people in the eyes of the Egyptians, and they cause them to ask, and they spoil the Egyptians. 37 And the sons of Israel journey from Rameses to Succoth, about six hundred thousand men on foot, apart from infants; 38 and a great rabble has also gone up with them, and flock and herd—very much livestock. 39 And they bake unleavened cakes with the dough which they have brought out from Egypt, for it has not fermented; for they have been cast out of Egypt, and have not been able to delay, and also they have not made provision for themselves. 40 And the dwelling of the sons of Israel [in] which they have dwelt in Egypt [is] four hundred and thirty years; 41 and it comes to pass, at the end of four hundred and thirty years—indeed, it comes to pass on this very same day—all the hosts of YHWH have gone out from the land of Egypt. 42 It [is] a night of watchings to YHWH, to bring them out from the land of Egypt; it [is] this night of watchings to YHWH to all the sons of Israel throughout their generations. 43 And YHWH says to Moses and Aaron, “This [is] a statute of the Passover; any son of a stranger does not eat of it; 44 and any man’s servant, the purchase of money, when you have circumcised him—then he eats of it; 45 a settler or hired servant does not eat of it; 46 it is eaten in one house, you do not carry out of the house [any] of the flesh outside, and you do not break a bone of it; 47 all the congregation of Israel keeps it. 48 And when a sojourner sojourns with you, and has made a Passover to YHWH, every male of his [is] to be circumcised, and then he comes near to keep it, and he has been as a native of the land, but any uncircumcised one does not eat of it; 49 one law is to a native, and to a sojourner who is sojourning in your midst.” 50 And all the sons of Israel do as YHWH commanded Moses and Aaron; so they have done. 51 And it comes to pass on this very same day, YHWH has brought out the sons of Israel from the land of Egypt by their hosts.
Éxodo · Literal Standard Version
Éxodo 12 Literal Standard Version
Audio: World English Bible (WEB), en inglés, leído por Winfred W. Henson · Sobre las grabaciones
Personas y lugares de este capítulo
Del árbol genealógico y los mapas bíblicos de este sitio (en inglés), solo donde esas guías citan este capítulo.
Personas
Aaron
Moses' brother and spokesman, Israel's first high priest.
Citado en la guía: Exodus 4–40; Leviticus 8–10
Moses
Drawn from the Nile, he led Israel out of Egypt and received God's Law.
Citado en la guía: Exodus 2–Deuteronomy 34
Referencias cruzadas (48)
Pasajes relacionados con cada versículo, del Treasury of Scripture Knowledge, tal como los reúnen y ordenan los lectores de OpenBible.info.
- 2 Éxodo 13:4; Deuteronomio 16:1; Éxodo 34:18; Éxodo 23:15; Levítico 23:5
- 3 Levítico 1:2; Levítico 5:6; Juan 1:29; 1 Corintios 5:7; Éxodo 4:30
- 5 Hebreos 9:13–14; 1 Pedro 1:18–19; Malaquías 1:14; Malaquías 1:7–8; Deuteronomio 17:1
- 6 Levítico 23:5; Números 28:16; 2 Crónicas 30:15–18; Números 9:11; Éxodo 12:18
- 7 Hebreos 11:28; Éxodo 12:22–23; Hebreos 9:22; Efesios 1:7; Hebreos 10:14
- 8 Éxodo 34:25; Deuteronomio 16:7; Deuteronomio 16:3–4; 1 Corintios 5:6–8; Juan 6:52–57
- 9 Éxodo 12:8; Deuteronomio 16:7; Lamentaciones 1:13
- 10 Éxodo 23:18; Éxodo 34:25; Levítico 22:30; Éxodo 29:34; Deuteronomio 16:4–5
- 11 Éxodo 12:27; Efesios 6:15; 1 Pedro 1:13; 1 Corintios 5:7; Levítico 23:5
- 12 Números 33:4; Salmo 82:6; Éxodo 12:23; Sofonías 2:11; Salmo 82:1
- 13 Hebreos 11:28; Éxodo 12:23; 1 Juan 1:7; Génesis 17:11; Josué 2:12
- 14 2 Reyes 23:21; Éxodo 12:17; Éxodo 12:24; Éxodo 13:9–10; 1 Corintios 5:7–8
- 15 Génesis 17:14; Deuteronomio 16:3; Éxodo 34:18; Éxodo 23:15; Deuteronomio 16:8
- 16 Números 28:18; Levítico 23:7–8; Números 28:25; Éxodo 16:23; Éxodo 35:2–3
- 17 Éxodo 13:3; Éxodo 7:5; Éxodo 13:8; Éxodo 12:41; Números 20:16
- 18 Éxodo 12:15; Levítico 23:5–8; Números 28:16–25; Éxodo 12:1–2
- 19 Éxodo 12:15; Deuteronomio 16:3; Éxodo 23:15; Éxodo 12:48; Éxodo 34:18
- 21 Éxodo 12:3; 2 Reyes 23:21; Marcos 14:12–16; Josué 5:10; Esdras 6:20
- 22 Hebreos 11:28; Salmo 51:7; Éxodo 12:7; Números 19:18; Hebreos 9:14
- 23 Apocalipsis 7:3; Apocalipsis 9:4; Hebreos 11:28; Éxodo 12:12–13; 1 Corintios 10:10
- 24 Éxodo 12:14; Génesis 17:8–10
- 25 Éxodo 3:17; Éxodo 3:8; Salmo 105:44–45; Deuteronomio 4:5; Deuteronomio 12:8–9
- 26 Éxodo 13:14–15; Deuteronomio 32:7; Salmo 145:4; Salmo 78:3–6; Josué 4:21–24
- 27 Éxodo 4:31; Éxodo 12:11; Éxodo 12:23; 1 Corintios 5:7; 1 Crónicas 29:20
- 28 Hebreos 11:28
- 29 Salmo 78:51; Éxodo 4:23; Salmo 105:36; Salmo 135:8; Salmo 136:10
- 30 Éxodo 11:6; Amós 5:17; Santiago 2:13; Mateo 25:6; Proverbios 21:13
- 31 Éxodo 6:1; Éxodo 10:9; Éxodo 3:19–20; Éxodo 8:8; Salmo 105:38
- 32 Éxodo 10:26; Génesis 27:34; Génesis 27:38; Éxodo 10:9; Éxodo 9:28
- 33 Salmo 105:38; Éxodo 11:1; Génesis 20:3; Números 17:12–13
- 34 Éxodo 8:3
- 35 Éxodo 3:21–22; Éxodo 11:2–3; Salmo 105:37; Génesis 15:14
- 36 Génesis 15:14; Hechos 7:10; Éxodo 11:3; Éxodo 3:21–22; Salmo 105:37
- 37 Números 1:46; Éxodo 38:26; Números 33:5; Números 33:3; Números 11:21
- 38 Números 11:4; Zacarías 8:23
- 39 Éxodo 6:1; Éxodo 11:1; Éxodo 12:31–33
- 40 Génesis 15:13; Hechos 7:6; Hechos 13:17; Génesis 12:1–3; Gálatas 3:16–17
- 41 Habacuc 2:3; Juan 7:8; Éxodo 7:4; Hechos 1:7; Josué 5:14
- 42 Éxodo 12:14; Deuteronomio 16:1–6; Éxodo 13:10
- 43 Éxodo 12:48; Números 9:14; Éxodo 12:11; Levítico 22:10; Efesios 2:12
- 44 Génesis 17:12–13; Génesis 17:23
- 45 Levítico 22:10; Efesios 2:12
- 46 Juan 19:36; Números 9:12; Juan 19:33; Efesios 2:19–22; Salmo 34:20
- 47 Éxodo 12:6; Números 9:13; Éxodo 12:3
- 48 Números 9:14; Colosenses 3:11; Números 15:15–16; Gálatas 3:28; Ezequiel 47:22
- 49 Números 15:15–16; Números 15:29; Números 9:14; Levítico 24:22; Gálatas 3:28
- 50 Mateo 7:24–25; Éxodo 6:26; Mateo 28:20; Juan 15:14; Éxodo 7:4
- 51 Éxodo 12:41; Éxodo 6:26
Referencias cruzadas: OpenBible.info (CC BY), tomadas sobre todo del Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (dominio público). · Fuentes y licencias
Lo que dijeron los Padres
Pasajes de los Padres de la Iglesia que comentan o citan este capítulo, tal como aparecen en la edición de Schaff (traducciones inglesas del siglo XIX, de dominio público). Los textos están en inglés.
Cómo se eligieron
«Comentario» es el comienzo de una homilía o exposición sobre este capítulo (homilías de san Juan Crisóstomo; tratados, sermones y comentarios a los Salmos de san Agustín). «Cita» es una frase en la que las notas de la propia edición identifican la cita de un versículo de este capítulo; solo se conserva si el texto coincide con el versículo. Solo se usan obras de autoría segura. Los Salmos siguen la numeración hebrea (Agustín usa la de los Setenta: su Salmo 50 es aquí el 51).
… fact that from one man, Abraham, in not much more than four hundred years, the numbers of the Hebrew race so increased, that in the exodus of that people from Egypt there are recorded to have been six hundred thousand men capable of bearing arms, and this over and above the Idumæans, who, though not numbered with Israel's descendants, were …
Leer en contexto · Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, series 1, vol. 2 (1887)
… for the aliens' sake, to increase the number of the proselytes; and for manifestation of God's power, if haply their enemies having taken them captives, fancied they prevailed, because their own gods were mighty: like as in Egypt, out of which no small "mixed multitude" went up; and, after that, in Babylon, what befell touching the furnace and the dreams.
Leer en contexto · Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, series 1, vol. 10 (1888)
Let them remember, then, that those who celebrated the passover at that time in type and shadow, when they were ordered to mark their door-posts with the blood of the lamb, used hyssop to mark them with. Now this is a meek and lowly herb, and yet nothing is stronger and more penetrating than its roots; that being rooted and …
Leer en contexto · Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, series 1, vol. 2 (1887)
… He Himself, in the very act of giving the law of the Sabbath, did even therein darkly signify that He will have them refrain from the evil works only, by the saying, "Ye must do no work, except what shall be done for your life." And in the temple too all went on, and with more diligence and double toil.
Leer en contexto · Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, series 1, vol. 10 (1888)
… a sheep to the slaughter, that by His blood sprinkled on our doorposts, that is, by the sign of His cross marked on our foreheads, we may be delivered from the perdition awaiting this world, as Israel from the bondage and destruction of the Egyptians; and a most salutary transit we make when we pass over from the devil to …
Leer en contexto · Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, series 1, vol. 7 (1888)