1 Then Pilate took Jesus and whipped him. 2 The soldiers weaved a crown of thorns. They put it on the head of Jesus and dressed him with a purple garment. 3 They came to him and said, “Hail, King of the Jews!” and they struck him. 4 Then Pilate went outside again and said to them, “See, I am bringing him outside to you so that you will know that I find no guilt in him.” 5 So Jesus came out, wearing the crown of thorns and the purple garment. Pilate said to them, “Look, here is the man!” 6 When therefore the chief priests and the officers saw Jesus, they cried out and said, “Crucify him, crucify him!” Pilate said to them, “Take him yourselves and crucify him, for I find no guilt in him.” 7 The Jews answered him, “We have a law, and according to that law he has to die because he claimed to be the Son of God.” 8 When Pilate heard this statement, he was even more afraid, 9 and he entered the government headquarters again and said to Jesus, “Where do you come from?” But Jesus gave him no answer. 10 Then Pilate said to him, “Are you not speaking to me? Do you not know that I have power to release you, and power to crucify you?” 11 Jesus answered him, “You do not have any power over me except for what has been given to you from above. Therefore, he who gave me over to you has a greater sin.” 12 At this answer, Pilate tried to release him, but the Jews cried out, saying, “If you release this man, you are not a friend of Caesar. Everyone who makes himself a king speaks against Caesar.” 13 When Pilate heard these words, he brought Jesus out and sat down in the judgment seat in a place called “The Pavement,” but in Hebrew, “Gabbatha.” 14 Now it was the day of preparation for the Passover, at about the sixth hour. Pilate said to the Jews, “See, here is your king!” 15 They cried out, “Away with him, away with him; crucify him!” Pilate said to them, “Should I crucify your King?” The chief priests answered, “We have no king but Caesar.” 16 Then Pilate gave Jesus over to them to be crucified. 17 Then they took Jesus, and he went out, carrying the cross for himself, to the place called “The Place of a Skull,” which in Hebrew is called “Golgotha.” 18 They crucified Jesus there, and with him two other men, one on each side, with Jesus in the middle. 19 Pilate also wrote a sign and put it on the cross. There it was written: JESUS OF NAZARETH, THE KING OF THE JEWS. 20 Many of the Jews read this sign because the place where Jesus was crucified was near the city. The sign was written in Hebrew, in Latin, and in Greek. 21 Then the chief priests of the Jews said to Pilate, “Do not write, 'The King of the Jews,' but rather, 'This one said, “I am King of the Jews.”'” 22 Pilate answered, “What I have written I have written.” 23 When the soldiers crucified Jesus, they took his clothes, divided them into four shares, one for each of them; and also the tunic. Now the tunic was seamless, woven in one piece from the top. 24 Then they said to each other, “Let us not tear it, but instead let us cast lots for it to decide whose it will be.” This happened so that the scripture would be fulfilled which said, “They divided my garments among themselves and cast lots for my clothing.” This is what the soldiers did. 25 Now standing beside Jesus' cross were his mother, his mother's sister, Mary the wife of Clopas, and Mary Magdalene. 26 When Jesus saw his mother and the disciple whom he loved standing nearby, he said to his mother, “Woman, see, your son!” 27 Then he said to the disciple, “See, your mother!” From that hour the disciple took her to his own home. 28 After this, knowing that everything was now completed and so that the scriptures would be fulfilled, Jesus said, “I am thirsty.” 29 A container full of sour wine was placed there, so they put a sponge full of the sour wine on a hyssop staff and lifted it up to his mouth. 30 When Jesus had taken the sour wine, he said, “It is finished.” He bowed his head and gave up his spirit. 31 Then the Jews, because it was the day of preparation, and so that the bodies would not remain on the cross during the Sabbath (for that Sabbath was especially important), asked Pilate to break their legs and to remove them. 32 Then the soldiers came and broke the legs of the first man and of the second man who had been crucified with Jesus. 33 When they came to Jesus, they saw that he was already dead, so they did not break his legs. 34 However, one of the soldiers pierced his side with a spear, and immediately blood and water came out. 35 The one who saw this has testified, and his testimony is true. He knows that what he said is true so that you would also believe. 36 For these things happened in order to fulfill scripture, “Not one of his bones will be broken.” 37 Again, another scripture says, “They will look at him whom they pierced.” 38 After these things, Joseph of Arimathea, since he was a disciple of Jesus (but secretly for fear of the Jews), asked Pilate if he could take away the body of Jesus. Pilate gave him permission. So Joseph came and took away his body. 39 Nicodemus also came, he who at first had come to Jesus by night. He brought a mixture of myrrh and aloes, about one hundred litras in weight. 40 So they took the body of Jesus and wrapped it in linen cloths with the spices, as was the custom of the Jews to bury bodies. 41 Now in the place where he was crucified there was a garden; and in the garden was a new tomb in which no person had yet been buried. 42 Because it was the day of preparation for the Jews and because the tomb was close by, they laid Jesus in it.
John 19 Unlocked Literal Bible
Audio: World English Bible (WEB), read by Winfred W. Henson · About the recordings
People & places in this chapter
From this site's family tree and Bible maps, only where those guides cite this chapter.
People
Clopas
Named only in John 19:25 as the husband of the Mary standing near the cross.
Cited in the guide: John 19:25
Mary
One of the women who stood near the cross of Jesus with His mother and Mary Magdalene, identified in John 19:25 as the wife of Clopas.
Cited in the guide: John 19:25
Mary Magdalene
A woman from whom seven demons had gone out, who followed and supported Jesus from Galilee, stood by the cross, saw the burial, and was the first to see the empty tomb and the…
Cited in the guide: Matthew 27:56; Luke 8:2; John 19:25
Nicodemus
A Pharisee and leader of the Jews who came to Jesus at night, later asked the council to hear Jesus before judging him, and brought myrrh and aloes of about seventy-five pounds…
Cited in the guide: John 3:1; John 7:50; John 19:39
Cross references (41)
Related passages for each verse, from the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge as collected and ranked by readers at OpenBible.info.
- 1 Isaiah 53:5; Matthew 20:19; Isaiah 50:6; Luke 23:16; Luke 18:33
- 2 Mark 15:16–20; Psalm 22:6; Isaiah 53:3; Matthew 27:27–31; Luke 23:11
- 3 Matthew 27:29; Matthew 26:49; Luke 1:28; John 19:19–22; John 18:33
- 4 John 18:38; John 19:6; Luke 23:4; Luke 23:47; 1 Peter 2:22
- 5 John 19:2; John 1:29; Isaiah 7:14; Hebrews 12:2; Isaiah 40:9
- 6 John 18:31; John 19:4; Matthew 27:22; Acts 13:27–29; Matthew 27:24
- 7 Leviticus 24:16; John 5:18; Matthew 26:63–66; Romans 1:4; Matthew 27:42–43
- 8 John 19:13; Acts 14:11–19
- 9 John 18:33; Philippians 1:28; Judges 13:6; Mark 15:3–5; Psalm 38:13–15
- 10 Daniel 5:19; Daniel 3:14–15; John 18:39
- 11 Romans 13:1; John 3:27; Acts 2:23; Daniel 4:17; John 7:30
- 12 Mark 6:16–26; John 18:33–36; Acts 17:6–7; Luke 23:2–5; Acts 24:24–27
- 13 Psalm 82:5–7; Matthew 27:19; Isaiah 51:12–13; Amos 4:7; Luke 12:5
- 14 Matthew 27:62; John 19:5; Mark 15:25; John 19:42; Mark 15:33–34
- 15 Luke 23:18; Acts 21:36; John 19:6; Genesis 49:10; Acts 22:22
- 16 Luke 23:24–25; Matthew 27:26–31; Mark 15:15–20
- 17 Luke 23:33; Luke 14:27; Luke 23:26; Acts 7:58; Mark 15:32
- 18 Isaiah 53:12; John 18:32; Mark 15:24–27; Matthew 27:44; Matthew 27:35–38
- 19 Matthew 27:37; Mark 15:26; Luke 23:38; John 19:14; John 19:21
- 20 Acts 26:14; John 5:2; Acts 22:2; Revelation 16:16; John 19:13
- 21 John 19:14; John 19:19
- 22 Psalm 76:10; John 19:12; Esther 4:16; Proverbs 8:29; Psalm 65:7
- 23 Luke 23:34; Mark 15:24; Matthew 27:35; Exodus 39:22–23
- 24 Psalm 22:18; John 19:36–37; John 19:28; Acts 13:27
- 25 Luke 23:49; Matthew 27:55–56; Mark 15:40–41; John 20:1; John 20:11–18
- 26 John 21:24; John 13:23; John 2:4; John 21:7; John 20:2
- 27 Matthew 12:48–50; John 16:32; 1 Timothy 5:2–4; 1 John 3:18–19; John 1:11
- 28 Psalm 69:21; Psalm 22:15; John 19:30; Luke 22:37; Luke 18:31
- 29 Numbers 19:18; Luke 23:36; Mark 15:36; Exodus 12:22; Matthew 27:48
- 30 John 17:4; Philippians 2:8; Colossians 2:14–17; John 10:11; Hebrews 12:2
- 31 John 19:14; John 19:42; Mark 15:42; Joshua 8:29; Leviticus 23:7–16
- 32 John 19:18; Luke 23:39–43
- 34 1 John 5:6; Zechariah 13:1; Zechariah 12:10; 1 John 5:8; Titus 3:5–7
- 35 John 21:24; 1 John 1:1–3; John 15:27; Hebrews 2:3–4; John 20:31
- 36 Psalm 34:20; Numbers 9:12; Exodus 12:46; John 19:28; Psalm 22:14
- 37 Zechariah 12:10; Revelation 1:7; Psalm 22:16–17
- 38 Mark 15:42–47; Proverbs 29:25; Matthew 27:57–61; Philippians 1:14; John 7:13
- 39 John 7:50–52; John 3:1–21; Song of Songs 4:14; Matthew 12:20; John 12:7
- 40 John 11:44; Acts 5:6; John 20:5–7; Matthew 26:12; Luke 24:12
- 41 Luke 23:53; Matthew 27:60; Isaiah 22:16; John 20:15; 2 Kings 23:30
- 42 John 19:14; John 19:31; Isaiah 53:9; John 19:41; Matthew 12:40
Cross references: OpenBible.info (CC BY), drawn mainly from the public-domain Treasury of Scripture Knowledge. · Sources & licences
What the Fathers said
Passages from the Church Fathers that expound or quote this chapter, verbatim from the public-domain Schaff edition (19th-century English translations).
How these were chosen
“Commentary” is the opening of a homily or exposition on this chapter (John Chrysostom’s homilies, Augustine’s tractates, sermons and expositions of the Psalms). “Quotes” are sentences where the edition’s own footnotes identify a quotation of a verse here, kept only when the wording matches the verse. Only works whose authorship is not in doubt are used. Psalms follow the Hebrew/English numbering (Augustine numbers them as the Septuagint does: his Psalm 50 is Psalm 51 here).
On the Jews crying out that they did not wish Jesus to be released unto them at the passover, but Barabbas the robber; not the Saviour, but the murderer; not the Giver of life, but the destroyer,--"then Pilate took Jesus and scourged Him." We must believe that Pilate acted thus for no other reason than that the Jews, glutted with …
Read in context · Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, series 1, vol. 7 (1888)
Successes have terrible power to cast down or draw aside those who take not heed. Thus the Jews, who at first enjoyed the influence of God, sought the law of royalty from the Gentiles, and in the wilderness after the manna remembered the onions.
Read in context · Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, series 1, vol. 14 (1889)
… no means at rest, He saith to him: "To thee shall be his desire, and thou shalt rule over him." Thus did He in like manner speak to Pilate: "Thou shouldest have no power at all against Me, unless it were given thee from above;" God always giving up the righteous one [in this life to suffering], that he, having …
… very nature of His death, that is, the height of the cross, is understood by the single words "Thou are gone up." The evangelist explains what is added, "Lying down, thou hast slept," when he says, "He bowed His head, and gave up the ghost." Or at least His burial is to be understood, in which He lay down sleeping, …
Read in context · Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, series 1, vol. 2 (1887)
For if he had known her, and had kept her in the place of a wife, how is it that our Lord commits her, as unprotected, and having no one, to His disciple, and commands him to take her to his own home?
Read in context · Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, series 1, vol. 10 (1888)