Skip to the text

1 Kings · Clementine Vulgate

1 Kings 22 Clementine Vulgate

Leer en español
About VUL
  • Catholic
  • OT: Latin Vulgate
  • NT: Latin Vulgate
  • Catholic (73 books)
  • Original language
  • 1598
  • Public domain

Audio: World English Bible (WEB), read by Winfred W. Henson · About the recordings

VUL Clementine Vulgate
WEB World English Bible (Classic, with Deuterocanon)
1 Transierunt igitur tres anni absque bello inter Syriam et Israël.
1 They continued three years without war between Syria and Israel.
2 In anno autem tertio, descendit Josaphat rex Juda ad regem Israël.
2 In the third year, Jehoshaphat the king of Judah came down to the king of Israel.
3 (Dixitque rex Israël ad servos suos: Ignoratis quod nostra sit Ramoth Galaad, et negligimus tollere eam de manu regis Syriæ?)
3 The king of Israel said to his servants, “You know that Ramoth Gilead is ours, and we do nothing, and don’t take it out of the hand of the king of Syria?”
4 Et ait ad Josaphat: Veniesne mecum ad præliandum in Ramoth Galaad?
4 He said to Jehoshaphat, “Will you go with me to battle to Ramoth Gilead?” Jehoshaphat said to the king of Israel, “I am as you are, my people as your people, my horses as your horses.”
5 Dixitque Josaphat ad regem Israël: Sicut ego sum, ita et tu: populus meus et populus tuus unum sunt: et equites mei, equites tui. Dixitque Josaphat ad regem Israël: Quære, oro te, hodie sermonem Domini.
5 Jehoshaphat said to the king of Israel, “Please inquire first for Yahweh’s word.”
6 Congregavit ergo rex Israël prophetas, quadringentos circiter viros, et ait ad eos: Ire debeo in Ramoth Galaad ad bellandum, an quiescere? Qui responderunt: Ascende, et dabit eam Dominus in manu regis.
6 Then the king of Israel gathered the prophets together, about four hundred men, and said to them, “Should I go against Ramoth Gilead to battle, or should I refrain?” They said, “Go up; for the Lord will deliver it into the hand of the king.”
7 Dixit autem Josaphat: Non est hic propheta Domini quispiam, ut interrogemus per eum?
7 But Jehoshaphat said, “Isn’t there here a prophet of Yahweh, that we may inquire of him?”
8 Et ait rex Israël ad Josaphat: Remansit vir unus per quem possumus interrogare Dominum: sed ego odi eum, quia non prophetat mihi bonum, sed malum: Michæas filius Jemla. Cui Josaphat ait: Ne loquaris ita, rex.
8 The king of Israel said to Jehoshaphat, “There is yet one man by whom we may inquire of Yahweh, Micaiah the son of Imlah; but I hate him, for he does not prophesy good concerning me, but evil.” Jehoshaphat said, “Don’t let the king say so.”
9 Vocavit ergo rex Israël eunuchum quemdam, et dixit ei: Festina adducere Michæam filium Jemla.
9 Then the king of Israel called an officer, and said, “Quickly get Micaiah the son of Imlah.”
10 Rex autem Israël, et Josaphat rex Juda, sedebant unusquisque in solio suo, vestiti cultu regio, in area juxta ostium portæ Samariæ: et universi prophetæ prophetabant in conspectu eorum.
10 Now the king of Israel and Jehoshaphat the king of Judah were sitting each on his throne, arrayed in their robes, in an open place at the entrance of the gate of Samaria; and all the prophets were prophesying before them.
11 Fecit quoque sibi Sedecias filius Chanaana cornua ferrea, et ait: Hæc dicit Dominus: His ventilabis Syriam, donec deleas eam.
11 Zedekiah the son of Chenaanah made himself horns of iron, and said, “Yahweh says, ‘With these you will push the Syrians, until they are consumed.’”
12 Omnesque prophetæ similiter prophetabant, dicentes: Ascende in Ramoth Galaad, et vade prospere, et tradet Dominus in manus regis.
12 All the prophets prophesied so, saying, “Go up to Ramoth Gilead and prosper; for Yahweh will deliver it into the hand of the king.”
13 Nuntius vero qui ierat ut vocaret Michæam, locutus est ad eum, dicens: Ecce sermones prophetarum ore uno regi bona prædicant: sit ergo sermo tuus similis eorum, et loquere bona.
13 The messenger who went to call Micaiah spoke to him, saying, “See now, the prophets declare good to the king with one mouth. Please let your word be like the word of one of them, and speak good.”
14 Cui Michæas ait: Vivit Dominus, quia quodcumque dixerit mihi Dominus, hoc loquar.
14 Micaiah said, “As Yahweh lives, what Yahweh says to me, that I will speak.”
15 Venit itaque ad regem, et ait illi rex: Michæa, ire debemus in Ramoth Galaad ad præliandum, an cessare? Cui ille respondit: Ascende, et vade prospere, et tradet eam Dominus in manus regis.
15 When he had come to the king, the king said to him, “Micaiah, shall we go to Ramoth Gilead to battle, or shall we forbear?” He answered him, “Go up and prosper; and Yahweh will deliver it into the hand of the king.”
16 Dixit autem rex ad eum: Iterum atque iterum adjuro te, ut non loquaris mihi nisi quod verum est, in nomine Domini.
16 The king said to him, “How many times do I have to adjure you that you speak to me nothing but the truth in Yahweh’s name?”
17 Et ille ait: Vidi cunctum Israël dispersum in montibus, quasi oves non habentes pastorem. Et ait Dominus: Non habent isti dominum: revertatur unusquisque in domum suam in pace.
17 He said, “I saw all Israel scattered on the mountains, as sheep that have no shepherd. Yahweh said, ‘These have no master. Let them each return to his house in peace.’”
18 (Dixit ergo rex Israël ad Josaphat: Numquid non dixi tibi, quia non prophetat mihi bonum, sed semper malum?)
18 The king of Israel said to Jehoshaphat, “Didn’t I tell you that he would not prophesy good concerning me, but evil?”
19 Ille vero addens, ait: Propterea audi sermonem Domini: vidi Dominum sedentem super solium suum, et omnem exercitum cæli assistentem ei a dextris et a sinistris:
19 Micaiah said, “Therefore hear Yahweh’s word. I saw Yahweh sitting on his throne, and all the army of heaven standing by him on his right hand and on his left.
20 et ait Dominus: Quis decipiet Achab regem Israël, ut ascendat, et cadat in Ramoth Galaad? Et dixit unus verba hujuscemodi, et alius aliter.
20 Yahweh said, ‘Who will entice Ahab, that he may go up and fall at Ramoth Gilead?’ One said one thing, and another said another.
21 Egressus est autem spiritus, et stetit coram Domino, et ait: Ego decipiam illum. Cui locutus est Dominus: In quo?
21 A spirit came out and stood before Yahweh, and said, ‘I will entice him.’
22 Et ille ait: Egrediar, et ero spiritus mendax in ore omnium prophetarum ejus. Et dixit Dominus: Decipies, et prævalebis: egredere, et fac ita.
22 Yahweh said to him, ‘How?’ He said, ‘I will go out and will be a lying spirit in the mouth of all his prophets.’ He said, ‘You will entice him, and will also prevail. Go out and do so.’
23 Nunc igitur ecce dedit Dominus spiritum mendacii in ore omnium prophetarum tuorum, qui hic sunt, et Dominus locutus est contra te malum.
23 Now therefore, behold, Yahweh has put a lying spirit in the mouth of all these your prophets; and Yahweh has spoken evil concerning you.”
24 Accessit autem Sedecias filius Chanaana, et percussit Michæam in maxillam, et dixit: Mene ergo dimisit spiritus Domini, et locutus est tibi?
24 Then Zedekiah the son of Chenaanah came near and struck Micaiah on the cheek, and said, “Which way did Yahweh’s Spirit go from me to speak to you?”
25 Et ait Michæas: Visurus es in die illa quando ingredieris cubiculum intra cubiculum ut abscondaris.
25 Micaiah said, “Behold, you will see on that day when you go into an inner room to hide yourself.”
26 Et ait rex Israël: Tollite Michæam, et maneat apud Amon principem civitatis, et apud Joas filium Amelech,
26 The king of Israel said, “Take Micaiah, and carry him back to Amon the governor of the city and to Joash the king’s son.
27 et dicite eis: Hæc dicit rex: Mittite virum istum in carcerem, et sustentate eum pane tribulationis, et aqua angustiæ, donec revertar in pace.
27 Say, ‘The king says, “Put this fellow in the prison, and feed him with bread of affliction and with water of affliction, until I come in peace.”’”
28 Dixitque Michæas: Si reversus fueris in pace, non est locutus in me Dominus. Et ait: Audite, populi omnes.
28 Micaiah said, “If you return at all in peace, Yahweh has not spoken by me.” He said, “Listen, all you people!”
29 Ascendit itaque rex Israël, et Josaphat rex Juda, in Ramoth Galaad.
29 So the king of Israel and Jehoshaphat the king of Judah went up to Ramoth Gilead.
30 Dixit itaque rex Israël ad Josaphat: Sume arma, et ingredere prælium, et induere vestibus tuis. Porro rex Israël mutavit habitum suum, et ingressus est bellum.
30 The king of Israel said to Jehoshaphat, “I will disguise myself and go into the battle, but you put on your robes.” The king of Israel disguised himself and went into the battle.
31 Rex autem Syriæ præceperat principibus curruum triginta duobus, dicens: Non pugnabitis contra minorem et majorem quempiam, nisi contra regem Israël solum.
31 Now the king of Syria had commanded the thirty-two captains of his chariots, saying, “Don’t fight with small nor great, except only with the king of Israel.”
32 Cum ergo vidissent principes curruum Josaphat, suspicati sunt quod ipse esset rex Israël, et impetu facto pugnabant contra eum: et exclamavit Josaphat.
32 When the captains of the chariots saw Jehoshaphat, they said, “Surely that is the king of Israel!” and they came over to fight against him. Jehoshaphat cried out.
33 Intellexeruntque principes curruum quod non esset rex Israël, et cessaverunt ab eo.
33 When the captains of the chariots saw that it was not the king of Israel, they turned back from pursuing him.
34 Vir autem quidam tetendit arcum, in incertum sagittam dirigens, et casu percussit regem Israël inter pulmonem et stomachum. At ille dixit aurigæ suo: Verte manum tuam, et ejice me de exercitu, quia graviter vulneratus sum.
34 A certain man drew his bow at random, and struck the king of Israel between the joints of the armor. Therefore he said to the driver of his chariot, “Turn around, and carry me out of the battle, for I am severely wounded.”
35 Commissum est ergo prælium in die illa, et rex Israël stabat in curru suo contra Syros, et mortuus est vespere: fluebat autem sanguis plagæ in sinum currus,
35 The battle increased that day. The king was propped up in his chariot facing the Syrians, and died at evening. The blood ran out of the wound into the bottom of the chariot.
36 et præco insonuit in universo exercitu antequam sol occumberet, dicens: Unusquisque revertatur in civitatem, et in terram suam.
36 A cry went throughout the army about the going down of the sun, saying, “Every man to his city, and every man to his country!”
37 Mortuus est autem rex, et perlatus est in Samariam: sepelieruntque regem in Samaria,
37 So the king died, and was brought to Samaria; and they buried the king in Samaria.
38 et laverunt currum ejus in piscina Samariæ: et linxerunt canes sanguinem ejus, et habenas laverunt, juxta verbum Domini quod locutus fuerat.
38 They washed the chariot by the pool of Samaria; and the dogs licked up his blood where the prostitutes washed themselves, according to Yahweh’s word which he spoke.
39 Reliqua autem sermonum Achab, et universa quæ fecit, et domus eburnea quam ædificavit, cunctarumque urbium quas exstruxit, nonne hæc scripta sunt in libro sermonum dierum regum Israël?
39 Now the rest of the acts of Ahab, and all that he did, and the ivory house which he built, and all the cities that he built, aren’t they written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel?
40 Dormivit ergo Achab cum patribus suis, et regnavit Ochozias filius ejus pro eo.
40 So Ahab slept with his fathers; and Ahaziah his son reigned in his place.
41 Josaphat vero filius Asa regnare cœperat super Judam anno quarto Achab regis Israël.
41 Jehoshaphat the son of Asa began to reign over Judah in the fourth year of Ahab king of Israel.
42 Triginta quinque annorum erat cum regnare cœpisset, et viginti quinque annis regnavit in Jerusalem: nomen matris ejus Azuba filia Salai.
42 Jehoshaphat was thirty-five years old when he began to reign; and he reigned twenty-five years in Jerusalem. His mother’s name was Azubah the daughter of Shilhi.
43 Et ambulavit in omni via Asa patris sui, et non declinavit ex ea: fecitque quod rectum erat in conspectu Domini.
43 He walked in all the way of Asa his father. He didn’t turn away from it, doing that which was right in Yahweh’s eyes. However, the high places were not taken away. The people still sacrificed and burned incense on the high places.
44 Verumtamen excelsa non abstulit: adhuc enim populus sacrificabat, et adolebat incensum in excelsis.
44 Jehoshaphat made peace with the king of Israel.
45 Pacemque habuit Josaphat cum rege Israël.
45 Now the rest of the acts of Jehoshaphat, and his might that he showed, and how he fought, aren’t they written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Judah?
46 Reliqua autem verborum Josaphat, et opera ejus quæ gessit, et prælia, nonne hæc scripta sunt in libro verborum dierum regum Juda?
46 The remnant of the sodomites, that remained in the days of his father Asa, he put away out of the land.
47 Sed et reliquias effeminatorum qui remanserant in diebus Asa patris ejus, abstulit de terra.
47 There was no king in Edom. A deputy ruled.
48 Nec erat tunc rex constitutus in Edom.
48 Jehoshaphat made ships of Tarshish to go to Ophir for gold, but they didn’t go, for the ships wrecked at Ezion Geber.
49 Rex vero Josaphat fecerat classes in mari, quæ navigarent in Ophir propter aurum: et ire non potuerunt, quia confractæ sunt in Asiongaber.
49 Then Ahaziah the son of Ahab said to Jehoshaphat, “Let my servants go with your servants in the ships.” But Jehoshaphat would not.
50 Tunc ait Ochozias filius Achab ad Josaphat: Vadant servi mei cum servis tuis in navibus. Et noluit Josaphat.
50 Jehoshaphat slept with his fathers, and was buried with his fathers in his father David’s city. Jehoram his son reigned in his place.
51 Dormivitque Josaphat cum patribus suis, et sepultus est cum eis in civitate David patris sui: regnavitque Joram filius ejus pro eo.
51 Ahaziah the son of Ahab began to reign over Israel in Samaria in the seventeenth year of Jehoshaphat king of Judah, and he reigned two years over Israel.
52 Ochozias autem filius Achab regnare cœperat super Israël in Samaria, anno septimodecimo Josaphat regis Juda: regnavitque super Israël duobus annis.
52 He did that which was evil in Yahweh’s sight, and walked in the way of his father, and in the way of his mother, and in the way of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, in which he made Israel to sin.
53 Et fecit malum in conspectu Domini, et ambulavit in via patris sui et matris suæ, et in via Jeroboam filii Nabat, qui peccare fecit Israël.
53 He served Baal and worshiped him, and provoked Yahweh, the God of Israel, to anger in all the ways that his father had done so.
54 Servivit quoque Baal, et adoravit eum, et irritavit Dominum Deum Israël, juxta omnia quæ fecerat pater ejus.
54 Not in this translation

People & places in this chapter

From this site's family tree and Bible maps, only where those guides cite this chapter.

People

  • Ahaziah

    King of Israel, son of Ahab

    Ahab's son, who reigned two years in Samaria, served Baal, fell through the lattice of his upper room, sent to inquire of Baal-zebub of Ekron, and died as Elijah foretold without…

    Cited in the guide: 1 Kings 22:40; 1 Kings 22:51; 1 Kings 22:53

    See in the family tree

  • Amon the governor of the city

    Governor of Samaria

    The governor of the city to whom Ahab ordered Micaiah returned to be imprisoned on bread and water.

    Cited in the guide: 1 Kings 22:26; 2 Chronicles 18:25

    See in the family tree

  • Azubah

    Mother of Jehoshaphat

    Daughter of Shilhi and mother of King Jehoshaphat of Judah.

    Cited in the guide: 1 Kings 22:42; 2 Chronicles 20:31

    See in the family tree

  • Chenaanah

    Father of Zedekiah the prophet

    Named as the father of the prophet Zedekiah who made iron horns.

    Cited in the guide: 1 Kings 22:11; 1 Kings 22:24; 2 Chronicles 18:10

    See in the family tree

  • Imlah

    Father of Micaiah

    Named as the father of the prophet Micaiah.

    Cited in the guide: 1 Kings 22:8; 1 Kings 22:9; 2 Chronicles 18:7

    See in the family tree

  • Jehoshaphat

    King of Judah

    A godly king who sent teachers of the Law throughout Judah.

    Cited in the guide: 1 Kings 22; 2 Chron. 17-20; Matt. 1:8

    See in the family tree

  • Joash the king's son

    Son of Ahab

    The king of Israel's son, to whom with Amon the governor Ahab ordered Micaiah returned.

    Cited in the guide: 1 Kings 22:26; 2 Chronicles 18:25

    See in the family tree

  • Micaiah son of Imlah

    Prophet who foretold Ahab's death

    A prophet of the LORD whom Ahab hated because he never prophesied good for him, who foretold Israel scattered like sheep and Ahab's fall at Ramoth-gilead, and who was struck by…

    Cited in the guide: 1 Kings 22:8; 1 Kings 22:9; 1 Kings 22:14

    See in the family tree

  • Shilhi

    Father of Azubah

    Named as the father of Azubah, the mother of King Jehoshaphat.

    Cited in the guide: 1 Kings 22:42; 2 Chronicles 20:31

    See in the family tree

  • Zedekiah son of Chenaanah

    Prophet who made iron horns

    One of the prophets before Ahab who made iron horns, declared that Ahab would gore the Arameans with them, and struck Micaiah in the face.

    Cited in the guide: 1 Kings 22:11; 1 Kings 22:24; 2 Chronicles 18:10

    See in the family tree

Cross references (50)

Related passages for each verse, from the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge as collected and ranked by readers at OpenBible.info.

  1. 1 1 Kings 20:34
  2. 2 1 Kings 15:24; 1 Kings 22:1; 1 Kings 22:44; Matthew 16:21; 2 Kings 8:18
  3. 3 Deuteronomy 4:43; 1 Kings 4:13; Joshua 21:38; 2 Samuel 19:10; Judges 16:2
  4. 4 2 Kings 3:7; Ephesians 5:11; Proverbs 13:20; Psalm 139:21–22; Revelation 2:26
  5. 5 Proverbs 3:5–6; 2 Chronicles 18:4–5; 2 Kings 3:11; Jeremiah 21:2; Jeremiah 42:2–6
  6. 6 1 Kings 18:19; Jeremiah 23:14–17; Ezekiel 13:7–16; Ezekiel 13:22; Revelation 19:20
  7. 7 2 Kings 3:11–13; 2 Chronicles 18:6–7
  8. 8 John 3:19–21; Amos 5:10; John 17:14; John 7:7; John 15:18–19
  9. 9 Isaiah 39:7; 2 Chronicles 18:8; 1 Kings 22:26–27; Daniel 1:18; 2 Kings 9:32
  10. 10 Matthew 11:8; 1 Kings 22:30; Ezekiel 13:1–9; Acts 12:21; Esther 5:1
  11. 11 Zechariah 1:18–21; Deuteronomy 33:17; Jeremiah 29:21; Jeremiah 23:31; Acts 19:13–16
  12. 12 1 Kings 22:6–15; 2 Chronicles 35:22; 1 Kings 22:32–36
  13. 13 Isaiah 30:10–11; Hosea 7:3; Psalm 10:11; Psalm 50:21; 1 Corinthians 2:14–16
  14. 14 Numbers 24:13; 2 Chronicles 18:12–13; Jeremiah 26:2–3; Numbers 22:38; Numbers 22:18
  15. 15 Matthew 26:45; Ecclesiastes 11:9; 1 Kings 18:27; 2 Chronicles 18:14; Judges 10:14
  16. 16 Mark 5:7; Acts 19:13; Joshua 6:26; Matthew 22:16–17; 2 Chronicles 18:15
  17. 17 Numbers 27:17; Matthew 9:36; 1 Kings 22:34–36; 2 Chronicles 18:16–17; Ezekiel 34:4–6
  18. 18 1 Kings 22:8; Proverbs 10:24; Proverbs 29:1; Luke 11:45; Proverbs 27:22
  19. 19 Job 2:1; Job 1:6; Daniel 7:9–10; Isaiah 6:1–3; Matthew 18:10
  20. 20 Ezekiel 14:9; Job 12:16; Jeremiah 4:10
  21. 21 1 Kings 22:23; Job 1:6–7; Job 2:1
  22. 22 Judges 9:23; 1 Samuel 16:14; 1 Samuel 19:9; Job 1:8–11; Revelation 20:10
  23. 23 Ezekiel 14:9; Isaiah 6:9–10; Matthew 24:24–25; Isaiah 44:20; Isaiah 3:11
  24. 24 Acts 23:2; Lamentations 3:30; Micah 5:1; Matthew 5:39; John 15:20
  25. 25 1 Kings 20:30; 2 Peter 2:1; Revelation 19:20; Isaiah 9:14–16; Amos 7:17
  26. 27 2 Chronicles 16:10; 2 Chronicles 18:25–27; Revelation 2:10; Psalm 102:9; Deuteronomy 16:3
  27. 28 Micah 1:2; Numbers 16:29; Acts 13:10–11; Mark 12:37; Jeremiah 28:8–9
  28. 29 1 Kings 22:2–9; 2 Chronicles 18:28
  29. 30 2 Chronicles 35:22; 1 Samuel 28:8; Jeremiah 23:24; 2 Chronicles 18:29; 1 Kings 20:38
  30. 31 1 Kings 20:24; 2 Chronicles 18:30; Jeremiah 16:6; 1 Kings 20:16; 1 Samuel 30:2
  31. 32 Proverbs 13:20; Jonah 2:1–2; Exodus 14:10; Psalm 130:1–4; 2 Chronicles 18:31
  32. 33 Psalm 76:10; 1 Kings 22:31
  33. 34 2 Chronicles 35:23; Micah 6:13; Revelation 9:9; 1 Samuel 17:49; 2 Kings 9:24
  34. 35 1 Kings 22:28; 1 Kings 20:42
  35. 36 2 Kings 14:12; Judges 7:7–8; 1 Samuel 4:10; 1 Kings 12:24; 1 Kings 22:17
  36. 38 1 Kings 21:19; Matthew 24:35; Isaiah 44:25–26; Jeremiah 44:21–23; Joshua 23:14–15
  37. 39 Amos 3:15; Ezekiel 27:6; 1 Kings 16:20; 1 Kings 14:19; 1 Kings 16:5
  38. 40 1 Kings 2:10; 2 Kings 1:2; Deuteronomy 31:16; 1 Kings 22:51; 2 Kings 1:17
  39. 41 2 Chronicles 20:31; 1 Kings 22:2; 1 Chronicles 3:10; 2 Chronicles 17:1
  40. 42 2 Kings 1:17; 1 Kings 15:10; 1 Kings 14:21; 2 Kings 8:16; 1 Kings 15:2
  41. 43 1 Kings 15:14; 2 Kings 12:3; Proverbs 4:27; 2 Chronicles 20:3–30; Psalm 125:5
  42. 44 2 Kings 8:18; 1 Kings 22:2; 2 Chronicles 19:2; 2 Corinthians 6:14; 2 Chronicles 21:6
  43. 45 2 Chronicles 20:34; 1 Kings 11:41; 1 Kings 14:29
  44. 46 1 Kings 14:24; 1 Kings 15:12; Deuteronomy 23:17; Genesis 19:5; Jude 7
  45. 47 2 Samuel 8:14; 2 Kings 3:9; 2 Kings 8:20; Genesis 27:40; Genesis 25:23
  46. 48 1 Kings 9:26; 1 Kings 10:22; 1 Kings 9:28; Psalm 48:7; Numbers 33:35–36
  47. 50 2 Chronicles 21:1; 2 Chronicles 21:5–7; 1 Kings 22:40; 1 Kings 14:31; 1 Kings 15:24
  48. 51 2 Kings 1:17; 1 Kings 15:25; 1 Kings 22:40
  49. 52 1 Kings 15:26; 1 Kings 21:25; 1 Kings 15:34; 1 Kings 16:30–33; 2 Chronicles 22:3
  50. 53 1 Kings 16:30–32; 2 Kings 1:2; Psalm 106:29; Ezekiel 8:3; 2 Kings 3:2

Cross references: OpenBible.info (CC BY), drawn mainly from the public-domain Treasury of Scripture Knowledge. · Sources & licences